The World Ocean Ch, 13

The Exclusive Economic Zone extends how far from the coastline?

200 nautical miles & to edge of continental shelf

Most of the world's commercial fish are caught where?

In coastal upwelling regions

Historically, the most productive New England fishery is found where?:

Georges Bank

Which one below is NOT a consequence of overfishing?

Increase in numbers of sexuaIIy mature individuals; Fish populations increase.

Areas of the ocean that are set aside where no fishing of any kind is allowed is called what?

Marine reserve

Which fishing equipment or technique below has NOT contributed to overfishing?

Fishing pole and line

The catching and destruction of non-targeted marine species is called _______.

By-catch

Which one characteristic below would make a marine organism unsuitable for mariculture?

Low ecological efficiency

Which fish species is an example of a groundfish?

hake

Which ocean resource is an important ingredient of agricultural fertilizer?

phosphates

phosphatesWhich one of the following is a type of high-tech fishing gear that has contributed to overfishing?

SONAR fish finders to locate fish schools using sound waves

Which ocean resource, if extracted incorrectly, could inadvertently contribute significant amounts of greenhouse gasses to our atmosphere, thus accelerating global warming?

methane hydrates

The amount of fish that can be removed from the ocean and still be replaced by reproduction is called _______.

maximum sustainable yield

Which nation's fishing fleet was the largest as of 1992?

Asia

Which ocean resource, if extracted, could satisfy 350-times the annual energy demands of the U.S.?

methane hydrates

Which description below is the best definition for "Overfishing"?

the harvesting of fish at a rate faster than they can replace themselves by reproduction

What international governing body is authorized to to distribute revenue from resource exploitation of the seabed that is outside the EEZ?

The International Seabed Authority

Some fish are raised in pens on 'fish farms. Which of these do the least harm to the environment or to the wild fish stocks?

Fish that do not require fish meal for food

The world’s commercial fish catch reached its maximum about when?

1990

Petroleum reserves beneath the seafloor tend to be concentrated in what type of rock?

Permeable sandstone

What is a gas hydrate?

Methane molecule encased in ice

What ocean resource has been used to make materials to create buildings and roads?

Sand and gravel

Sand and gravel is mined from what part of the seafloor?

Continental shelf

Ferromanganese nodules are mined in the vicinity of what part of the seafloor?

Deep sea floor