KINE 476 Final Exam Muscle Actions

What muscle is this?

Temporalis Muscle

Temporalis Muscle (A)

• bilaterally: elevation, retraction (posterior fibers) of mandible

• unilaterally: lateral deviation of mandible to same side

What muscle is this?

Masseter Muscle

Masseter Muscle (A)

• bilaterally: elevation, protrusion of mandible (superficial fibers)

• unilaterally: lateral deviation of mandible to same side

What muscle is this?

Medial Pterygoid Muscle

Medial Pterygoid Muscle (A)

• bilaterally: elevation, protrusion of mandible

• unilaterally: lateral deviation of mandible to opposite side

What muscle is this?

Lateral Pterygoid Muscle

Lateral Pterygoid Muscle (A)

• bilaterally: depression, protrusion of mandible

• unilaterally: lateral deviation of mandible to opposite side

What muscle is this?

Mylohyoid Muscle

Mylohyoid Muscle (A)

• elevates hyoid and base of tongue

• elevates floor of mouth or depresses mandible when hyoid is stabilized

What muscle is this?

Geniohyoid Muscle

Geniohyoid Muscle (A)

elevates hyoid and tongue

What muscle is this?

Stylohyoid Muscle

Stylohyoid Muscle (A)

elevates hyoid and base of tongue

What muscle is this?

Sternohyoid Muscle

Sternohyoid Muscle (A)

• depresses hyoid and laryx

• stabilizes hyoid bone

What muscle is this?

Omohyoid Muscle

Omohyoid Muscle (A)

• depresses and retracts hyoid and larynx

• stabilizes hyoid bone

What muscle is this?

Sternothyroid Muscle

Sternothyroid Muscle (A)

depresses larynx and thyroid cartilage, thus depressing hyoid by working in conjunction with thyrohyoid

What muscle is this?

Digastric Muscle

Digastric Muscle (A)

• elevates hyoid and base of tongue

• stabilizes hyoid

What muscle is this?

Thyrohyoid Muscle

Thyrohyoid Muscle (A)

• elevates thyroid cartilage, thus depressing hyoid by working in conjunction with sternohyoid.

• depresses larynx

What muscle is this?

Sternocleidomastoid Muscle

Sternocleidomastoid Muscle (A)

• bilaterally: head and neck flexion

• unilaterally: lateral neck flexion to same side; rotation of head to opposite side

• accessory muscle of respiration

What muscle is this?

Scalene Muscles

Scalene Muscles (A)

• bilaterally: neck flexion

• unilaterally: lateral neck flexion to same side

• accessory muscle of respiration

What muscle is this?

Splenius Capitis Muscles

Splenius Capitis Muscles (A)

• bilaterally: head and neck extension

• unilaterally: lateral flexion and rotation of head to same side

What muscle is this?

Splenius Cervicis Muscles

Splenius Cervicis Muscles (A)

• bilaterally: neck extension

• unilaterally: lateral flexion to same side

What muscle is this?

External Intercostal Muscle

External Intercostal Muscle (A)

elevates ribs during inspiration

What muscle is this?

Internal Intercostal Muscle

Internal Intercostal Muscle (A)

depresses ribs during expiration

What muscle is this?

Rectus Abdominis Muscle

Rectus Abdominis Muscle (A)

• trunk flexion; compression of abdomen

• when pelvis stabilized: depresses ribs

• accessory muscle of respiration

What muscle is this?

External Oblique Muscle

External Oblique Muscle (A)

• bilaterally: trunk flexion; compression of abdomen

• unilaterally: trunk lateral flexion and rotation to opposite side

• when pelvis stabilized; depress ribs

• accessory muscle of respiration

What muscle is this?

Internal Oblique Muscle

Internal Oblique Muscle (A)

• bilaterally: trunk flexion; compression of abdomen

• unilaterally: lateral trunk flexion and rotation to same side (as the internal oblique)

• when pelvis stabilized; depress ribs

• accessory muscle of respiration

What muscle is this?

Transverse Abdominis Muscle

Transverse Abdominis Muscle (A)

• compression of abdomen

• accessory muscle of respiration

What muscle is this?

Quadratus Lumborum Muscle

Quadratus Lumborum Muscle (A)

• trunk lateral flexion to SAME side

• pelvic elevation on SAME side

What muscle is this?

Transversospinalis Muscle Group

Transversospinalis Muscle Group (A)

• bilaterally: thoracic and cervical extension

• unilaterally:

  • lateral flexion of cervical spine to SAME side

  • rotation of cervical spine to OPPOSITE side

What muscle is this?

Interspinales Muscles

Interspinales Muscles (A)

neck and trunk extension

What muscle is this?

Intertransversarii Muscles

Intertransversarii Muscles (A)

neck and trunk lateral flexion to same side

What muscle is this?

Diaphragm Muscles

Diaphragm Muscles (A)

inspiration

What muscle is this?

Upper Trapezius Muscle

Upper Trapezius Muscle (A)

• scapular

  • elevation

  • upward rotation

  • retraction

• capital and cervical extension and lateral flexion when scapula is stabilized

What muscle is this?

Middle Trapezius Muscle

Middle Trapezius Muscle (A)

• scapular

  • retraction

  • upward rotation

What muscle is this?

Lower Trapezius Muscle

Lower Trapezius Muscle (A)

• scapular

  • depression

  • upward rotation

  • retraction

What muscle is this?

Levator Scapula Muscle

Levator Scapula Muscle (A)

• scapular

  • elevation

  • downward rotation

• lateral flexion of cervical spine when scapula is stabilized

What muscle is this?

Rhomboid Muscle

Rhomboid Muscle (A)

• scapular

  • retraction

  • elevation

  • downward rotation

What muscle is this?

Serratus Anterior Muscle

Serratus Anterior Muscle (A)

• scapular

  • protraction

  • upward rotation

• elevation of thoracic cage when shoulder girdle is stabilized

• accessory muscle of respiration (inhalation)

What muscle is this?

Pectoralis Minor Muscle

Pectoralis Minor Muscle (A)

• scapular

  • depression

  • protraction

  • downward rotation

  • tilt

• elevation of thoracic cage when shoulder girdle is stabilized

• accessory muscle of respiration (inhalation)

What muscle is this?

Anterior Deltoid Muscle

Anterior Deltoid Muscle (A)

• shoulder

  • abduction

  • flexion

  • medial rotation

  • horizontal adduction

• depression of the shoulder girdle when humerus is stabilized

What muscle is this?

Middle Deltoid Muscle

Middle Deltoid Muscle (A)

• shoulder abduction

• depression of the shoulder girdle when humerus is stabilized

What muscle is this?

Posterior Deltoid Muscle

Posterior Deltoid Muscle (A)

• shoulder

  • abduction

  • extension

  • lateral rotation

  • horizontal abduction

• depression of the shoulder girdle when the humerus is stabilized

What muscle is this?

Biceps Brachii Muscle

Biceps Brachii Muscle (A)

• shoulder

  • flexion

  • elbow flexion

  • forearm supination

What muscle is this?

Coracobrachialis Muscle

Coracobrachialis Muscle (A)

• shoulder

  • flexion

  • adduction

• stabilizes shoulder

What muscle is this?

Pectoralis Major Muscle- Clavicular

Pectoralis Major Muscle- Clavicular (A)

• shoulder

  • flexion—first 60 degrees

  • medial rotation

  • adduction

• horizontal adduction

What muscle is this?

Pectoralis Major Muscle- Sternal

Pectoralis Major Muscle- Sternal (A)

• shoulder

  • medial rotation

  • adduction

  • horizontal adduction

  • shoulder extension from full flexion (180 degrees) when shoulder extension is resisted

• elevates body when upper extremities are stabilized

What muscle is this?

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle (A)

• shoulder

  • extension

  • adduction

  • medial rotation

• elevates body when upper extremities are stabilized

What muscle is this?

Teres Major Muscle

Teres Major Muscle (A)

• shoulder

  • extension

  • adduction

  • medial rotation

What muscle is this?

Triceps Brachii Muscle

Triceps Brachii Muscle (A)

• shoulder extension

• elbow extension

What muscle is this?

Supraspinous Muscle

Supraspinous Muscle (A)

• shoulder abduction

• stabilizes shoulder

What muscle is this?

Infraspinatus Muscle

Infraspinatus Muscle (A)

• shoulder

  • lateral rotation

  • horizontal abduction

• stabilizes shoulder

What muscle is this?

Teres Minor Muscle

Teres Minor Muscle (A)

• shoulder

  • lateral rotation

  • horizontal abduction

• stabilizes shoulder

What muscle is this?

Subscapularis Muscle

Subscapularis Muscle (A)

• shoulder

  • adduction

  • medial rotation

• stabilizes shoulder

What muscle is this?

Brachialis Muscle

Brachialis Muscle (A)

elbow flexion

What muscle is this?

Brachioradialis Muscle

Brachioradialis Muscle (A)

• elbow

  • flexion

  • forearm supination and pronation