Activity 5: Genes & Traits

Heredity

Passing of traits from parents to offspring

Genetics

The scientific study of heredity

Gene

A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait

Law of Simple Dominance

The dominant allele usually will be expressed, while their effect of the other allele, called recessive is masked

Parent generation (P or P1)

The original organisms selected to cross for a breeding.

F1 generation (first filial generation)

the first generation of offspring obtained from an experimental cross of two organisms

F2 generation (second filial generation)

offspring of the F1 generation

Mendelian ratio for monohybrid cross

3:1 for two heterozygous parents; 1:1 for heterozygous x recessive cross

Gamete

sex cell

Allele

Different forms of a gene

Trait

specific characteristic of an individual

Genotype

genetic makeup of an organism

Phenotype

physical characteristics of an organism