AP 12 S2 WOD 1-15

tercet

3

a stanza that consists of three lines rhyming together or connected by rhyme with the adjacent group or groups of three lines

sestet

6

a stanza consisting of six lines

octave

8

a stanza consisting of eight lines of iambic pentameter

sestina

39 line poems

six sestets and a final tercet called envoi (without rhyme)

each stanza repeats the end words of the lines but in a different order

tercet/envoi uses six words again, three in the middle of the lines and three at the ends

e.g. Frozen Wings (Alessia Jay)

broken rhyme

a rhyme in which one of the rhyming elements is divided by a break or pause between two words

e.g. rhyming “attic; all” with “mathematical”

internal rhyme

a rhyme between a word within a line and another either at the end of the same line or within another line

e.g. “once upon a midnight dreary, while i pondered, weak and weary/rest of poem”

villanelle

nineteen lines

two repeating rhymes

two refrains

first and third line of first tercet repeat alternately at end of each stanza

five tercets and a quatrain

e.g. Do not go gentle into that good night

caesura

a pause in a line of poetry

can occur anywhere within a line and may not be indicated by punctuation, would be indicated by a double vertical line ||

Three types: initial (appears at the beginning), medial (appears in the middle), terminal (appears near the end)

ex: to be or not to be || that is the question

ballad

a narrative poem with simple stanzas and a simple rhyme scheme that often contains repetition, dialogue, and repeated refrain

highly musical poem, originally meant to be sung

tells a story (common topics: murder, love, revenge, shipwrecks, the supernatural, etc.)

ex: The Raven by Edgar Allen Poe and The Rime of the Ancient Mariner by Samuel Taylor Coleridge

elegy

a formal poem written in lyrical language to commemorate or honor one who has died OR a serious meditative poem produced to express the speaker’s melancholy thoughts

ex: O Captain! My Captain by Walt Whitman on Abraham Lincoln

ode

a long formal poem written in three parts

often quite meditative in that they deeply analyze an object, person, or idea

enjambment

moving over from one line to another without a terminating punctuation mark or the running on of a sense from one couplet/line to the next without a major pause or break

end-stopped

a line of poetry that comes to a grammatical conclusion at its termination. the full meaning or the line seems complete

malapropism

a pun that employs the use of a ridiculous or inappropriate sounding word in place of a similar sounding one (whether mistaken or intentional)

non sequitur

two ideas presented together as if they are connected in some way when in fact they are not