AP 12 S2 WOD 1-15

tercet stanza

3

a stanza that consists of three lines rhyming together or connected by rhyme with the adjacent group or groups of three lines

sestet

6

a stanza consisting of six lines

octave

octave=8

a stanza consisting of eight lines of iambic pentameter

sestina

39 line poems

six sestets and a final tercet called envoi (without rhyme)

each stanza repeats the end words of the lines but in a different order

tercet/envoi uses six words again, three in the middle of the lines and three at the ends

e.g. Frozen Wings (Alessia Jay)

broken rhyme

a rhyme in which one of the rhyming elements is divided by a break or pause between two words

e.g. rhyming “attic; all” with “mathematical”

internal rhyme

a rhyme between a word within a line and another either at the end of the same line or within another line

e.g. “once upon a midnight dreary, while i pondered, weak and weary/rest of poem”

villanelle

nineteen lines

two repeating rhymes

two refrains

first and third line of first tercet repeat alternately at end of each stanza

five tercets and a quatrain

e.g. Do not go gentle into that good night

caesura

a pause in a line of poetry

can occur anywhere within a line and may not be indicated by punctuation, would be indicated by a double vertical line ||

Three types: initial (appears at the beginning), medial (appears in the middle), terminal (appears near the end)

ex: to be or not to be || that is the question

ballad

a narrative poem with simple stanzas and a simple rhyme scheme that often contains repetition, dialogue, and repeated refrain

highly musical poem, originally meant to be sung

tells a story (common topics: murder, love, revenge, shipwrecks, the supernatural, etc.)

ex: The Raven by Edgar Allen Poe and The Rime of the Ancient Mariner by Samuel Taylor Coleridge

elegy

a formal poem written in lyrical language to commemorate or honor one who has died OR a serious meditative poem produced to express the speaker’s melancholy thoughts

ex: O Captain! My Captain by Walt Whitman on Abraham Lincoln

ode

a long formal poem written in three parts

odes are often quite meditative in that they deeply analyze an object, person, or idea

enjambment

moving over from one line to another without a terminating punctuation mark or the running on of a sense from one couplet/line to the next without a major pause or break

end-stopped

a line of poetry that comes to a grammatical conclusion at its termination. the full meaning or the line seems complete