Medskills Final

Medskills 3

LOC

loss/level of consciousness

Aphasia

the inability to express words or form words

Aneurysm

weakening or bulge in the wall of a blood vessel

Bell’s Palsy

a condition marked by unilateral weakness or paralysis of the facial muscles on the affected side

Coma

a prolonged state of unconsciousness, unable to arouse the person

Brain Injury

injury to the skull or brain, such as a blow or penetrating object, that is severe enough to interfere with normal functioning

Dysphagia

difficulty in swallowing

Dyskinesia

impaired ability to execute voluntary movements

head injury

injury to the scalp, skull, and/or brain resulting from trauma

Meningitis

inflammation of the meninges, the membranes which covers and protects the brain and spinal cord

ICP

intracranial pressure

Contusion

bruise due to bleeding of the underlying tissue of the brain surface caused by a blow in which the integrity of the skin is not disturbed or broken but the blood vessels were ruptured

Brain death

is irreversible loss of all brain functions even through the heart continues to beat

Ataxia

impaired coordination of movement marked by gait or postural imbalance

Apraxia

the inability to perform purposeful acts such as the manipulation of objects on a voluntary basis

Concussion

damage to the brain caused by a blow, shaking, jarring, blast, or some type of non-penetrating injury. There is a temporary loss of neurologial function with no apparent damage

Neurons

cells within the nervous system, contains cell body, axon, dendrite, myelin sheath, and synapse

Cell Body

contains a nucleus

Axon

single fiber which carries impulses away from the cell body

Dendrite

nerve fibers which carry impulses towards the cell body

Myelin Sheath

lipid (fat) covering that surround the axons, increases the rate of impulse transmissions and insulates and maintains the axon

Synapse

space between the axon of one neuron lies close to the dendrites of many other neurons, allows for the impulse to jump the synapse to get to another neuron

Nerves

are a combination of many nerve fibers located outside of the brain and spinal cord

Afferent

aka sensory nerves, carries messages from all parts of the body to the brain and spinal cord

Efferent

aka motor nerves, carries messages from the brain and spinal cord to the the muscles and glands

Associative

aka internuncial nerves, carries both sensory and motor messages

Nervous system divisions

1) CNS

2) Peripheral Nervous System

CNS

central nervous system

Peripheral Nervous System

nerves carrying messages to and from the brain

Kidneys/Urinary System

nitrogenous wastes, salts, and water through urination

Skin

water and salt through perspiration

Lungs/Respiratory System

CO2 and water vapor through exhalation

Large Intestines

indigestible food, water, and bacteria through defecation

Organs of the urinary system

2 kidneys, 2 ureters, 1 bladder, and 1 urethra

Kidney shape

beans, located in the retroperitoneal area

Average urine volume for adult

1\.4L

Asses urine

color, odor, and clarity

Positive glucose

glucose spill-diabetes, allergy

Positive blood

infection, hypertension, menses

Positive protein

renal inflammation, allergies

Positive ketones

energy from fats, not CHO’s

Ketones

body is using fat as fuel, may indicate abnormal carbohydrate metabolism

Male and female reproductive organs

gonads

Male and female reproductive cells

gametes

2 major hormones produced by the ovaries

estrogen and progestogen

Major hormone produced by the testes

testosterone

Male reproductive cell

sperm

Female reproductive cell

ovum

Conception

Female reproductive cell is fertilized by the male reproductive cell

After fetilization, the cell is called…

zygote

After fertilization, the zygote travels through the __ and implants in the _

fallopian tube, uterus

Male reproductive cells are manufactured in the _ and stored in the _

testicles, epididymis

3rd month of pregnancy

gender and traits of the offspring is determined

Testosterone

the male hormone that is responsible for male characteristics

Semen

the fluid that carries the male reproductive cells

Penis

deposes of the semen into the vagina

Urethra

deposes the semen (for males) and urinates (both sexes)

Corpus luteum

yellow mass of the ovum

Corpus luteum secretes

progesterone

Epididymitis

painful swelling of the groin and scrotum

Orchitis

inflammation of the testis

Salpingitis

inflammation of the fallopian tubes

HPV (human papillomavirus)

cervical and other cancers, takes years to develop

PMS

group of symptoms prior to the start of the menstrual cycle

PID (pelvic inflammatory disease)

infection of a woman’s reproductive organs

Mammogram

x-ray of the breasts

Prostatectomy

removal of the prostate

PAP smear

to look for abnormalities or cancer in the cervix

TSS (toxic shock syndrome)

bacterial infection by staphylococcus organism

Endometriosis

uterus tissue found outside of the uterus around ovaries and inside the abdominal/pelvic cavity

Retroversion

a womb tilted backwards rather than forwards

Yeast infection

vagina less acidic

BPH (benign prostatic hypertrophy)

enlargement of prostate gland

Laparoscopy

access the inside of the abdomen and pelvis without making a large incision in the skin

TURP

surgical procedure that involves cutting away a section of the prostate

6th month (pregnancy)

weight \~1.5lbs

5th month (pregnancy)

skin, hair, and nails develop

2nd month (pregnancy)

human shape and form begin

9th month (pregnancy)

most weight gain occurs

3rd month (pregnancy)

sex can be determined

1st month (pregnancy)

digestive tract is formed

3rd month (pregnancy)

tooth buds are present

7th and 8th month (pregnancy)

weight \~ 2.5-4 lbs

5th month (pregnancy)

“quickening” occurs

2nd month (pregnancy)

bone and muscle development begins

Concerns a doctor will monitor (pregnancy)

1) blood type and Rh Factor

2) hemoglobin levels

3) syphilis and other STDs

4) urine

5) weight

6) breasts

7) feet and legs

8) blood pressure

9) teeth

10) pelvic and uterus measurements

11) fetal heart tones, positioning, and feeling for fetal parts

Vesic

bladder

Mening

membrane

Pexy

suspension

Onco

tumor

Oto

ear

Lacrim

tear

Furca

fork-shaped

Radi

ray

Lact

milk

Edema

swelling

Dactyl

finger, toe

Ptyal

saliva

Plak

plate/plaque

Sub

under