GI Medications – Master Study Guide

Flashcards summarizing key concepts and facts about GI medications, including their uses, mechanisms, and important tips.

What is the primary function of antacids like TUMs and Milk of Magnesia?

They neutralize stomach acid.

When should antacids be taken?

1-3 hours after meals and at bedtime.

What is the mechanism of action of H2 receptor blockers such as famotidine and cimetidine?

They decrease acid secretion.

What are Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) used for?

They block acid production and promote healing of ulcers/GERD.

What is a potential risk associated with long-term use of PPIs?

Fracture risk.

What does sucralfate (Carafate) do?

Forms a protective barrier over ulcers.

How should sucralfate be taken?

On an empty stomach, 1 hour before meals.

What is the purpose of misoprostol?

Prevents ulcers in NSAID users and protects the gastric lining.

What does triple therapy for H. pylori consist of?

A PPI plus two antibiotics.

Give examples of antibiotics used in the triple therapy for H. pylori.

Metronidazole and clarithromycin.

What do aminosalicylates do in the treatment of IBD?

They decrease inflammation.

What are corticosteroids used for in IBD treatment?

Short-term management of flare-ups.

What is the function of immunosuppressants in IBD?

Long-term control of the disease.

What role do biologics play in IBD treatment?

They alter the immune response.

What is one risk associated with prokinetics like metoclopramide (Reglan)?

Tardive dyskinesia.

What are some supportive medications for nausea and vomiting?

Antiemetics, IV fluids for hydration, and electrolyte replacement.

What is a high-yield medication tip regarding PPIs?

They are the most effective acid reducers.

What is the function of sucralfate in GI treatments?

It serves as a coating agent.

When are corticosteroids recommended for use?

Only for short-term management.

What caution should be taken with biologics in treatment?

They cause immune suppression.