Patient Care CAMRT

Which blood pressure measurement indicates shock?

Systolic pressure lower than 60 mm Hg

What contrast administration technique requires a sterile technique?

Intrathecally

A radiographer who discloses confidential information to unauthorized individuals could be found guilty of?

Invasion of Privacy

A diabetic patient who is prepped for a fasting radiographic exam is susceptible to a hypoglycaemic reaction. This is characterized by?

- Shaking and nervousness

- Cold, clammy skin

What instructions should be given to a patient following a barium sulphate contrast exam?

- increase fluid and fibre intake for several days

- Changes in stool color will occur until all barium has been evacuated

- contact a physician if no bowel movement occurs in 24 hrs

A patient is usually required to drink a barium sulphate suspension in order to demonstrate which structures?

Pylorus

The normal respiration rate for a healthy adult patient is?

12 to 20 breaths/min

Examples of COPD

- bronchitis

- pulmonary emphysema

- asthma

Administration of contrast agents for radiographic purposes is usually performed by which parenteral route?

Intravenous

A patient developed hives several minutes after injection of an iodinated contrast agent. What type of drug should be administered?

Antihistamine

The mechanical device used to correct an ineffectual cardiac rhythm is a

(A) defibrillator.

(B) cardiac monitor.

(C) crash cart.

(D) resuscitation bag.

A- defibrillator

You have encountered a person who is apparently unconscious. Although you open his airway, there is no rise and fall of the chest, and you can hear no breath sounds. You should

(A) begin mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing, giving two full breaths.

(B) proceed with the Heimlich maneuver.

(C) begin external chest compressions at a rate of 80 to 100 per minute.

(D) begin external chest compressions at a rate of at least 100 per minute.

A- begin mouth to mouth rescue breathing giving two full breaths

In classifying intravenous contrast agents, the total number of dissolved particles in solution per kilogram of water defines its?

Osmolarity

Which of the following procedures requires that the patient be placed in the lithotomy position?

A) Myelography

B) Venography

C) T- tube cholangiography

D) Hysterosalpingography

D- Hysterosalpingography

What is a nosocomial infection?

infection acquired in a hospital

What is the usual patient prep for an upper GI exam?

NPO 8 hrs before the examination

Which of these conditions involve a lack of normal bone calcification?

A) Rickets

B) Osteomalacia

C) Osteoarthritis

A and B

- Rickets and Osteomalacia

Abnormal accumulation of air in pulmonary tissues, resulting in overdistention of the alveolar spaces is?

Emphysema

Anaphylactic shock manifests early symptoms that include?

Dysphagia, itching of palms and soles, constriction of the throat

Of the four stages of infection, which is the stage during which the infection is the most communicable?

A) Latent period

B) Incubation period

C) Disease phase

D) Convalescent phase

C- disease phase

When performing CPR on an infant, it is required that the number of compressions per minuted compared to that of an adult is?

Increased: Infant CPR requires 5 compressions to 1 breath, with at least 100 compressions per minute

A patient whose systolic blood pressure is less than 90 mmHg is usually considered?

Hypotensive

When a patient arrives in the DI department with a urinary foley catheter bag it is important to?

Place the bag below the level of the bladder

Lyme disease is caused by bacterial carried by deer ticks. The tick bite may cause fever, fatigue, etc. This is an example of transmission of an infection by?

Vector

What are the possible side effects of an iodinated contrast medium that is administered intravenously?

Warm feeling, metallic taste, nausea, sensation of urination

All drug packages must provide certain information required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Some of the information that must be provided includes ?

- generic name

- contraindications

- usual dose

When a patient with an arm injury needs help undressing, the technologist should?

Remove clothing from the uninjured arm first

What condition describes a patient who is unable to breathe easily while in the recumbent position?

Orthopnea

The complete killing of all microorganisms is termed?

Sterilization

Involuntary patient motion can be caused by ?

A) post-traumatic shock.

B) medication.

C) the temperature of the room.

A, B, and C

When caring for a patient with an IV, the tech should keep the medication at what level?

18 -20 inches above the level of the vein

What can be done to effectively reduce the viscosity of contrast media?

Warming the contrast

The type of shock associated with pooling of blood in the peripheral vessels is classified as?

Neurogenic shock

What must be included in the patients medical record or chart?

- Diagnostic and therapeutic orders

- Medical history

- Informed consent

What type of precaution prevents the spread of infectious agents in aerosol form?

Airborne precautions

What are some diseases that would require airborne precautions?

- TB

- Varicella

- Rubella

Which of the following is a violation of correct sterile technique?

A) gowns are considered sterile in the front down to the waist, including arms

B) Sterile gloves must be kept above waist level

C) Persons in sterile dress should pass each other face to face

D) A sterile field should not be left unattended

C- Persons in sterile dress should pass each other back to back since the back of the gown is not considered sterile

What legal phrase defines a circumstance in which both the healthcare providers and the patients actions contributed to an injurious outcome?

Contributory Negligence

If extravasation occurs during an IV injection of CM, what would the correct reaction be?

- remove needle

- Apply pressure

- Apply warm, moist heat to help relieve pain

To reduce back strain associated with transferring patients from stretcher to X-ray table, the technologist should?

Pull the patient.

- Do not bend at the waist and pull... use your biceps for pulling and draw the patient as lose to you as possible, then lift if necessary

A small bottle containing a single dose of medication is termed?

Ampule

Ingestion of a gas producing power or crystals is usually preliminary to which examination?

Double contrast GI

Which ethical principle is related to the theory that patients have the right to decide what will or will not be done to them?

Autonomy

When disposing of contaminated needles, they are placed in the sharps container using what procedure?

Do not recap the needle, or try to remove the syringe... dispose of entire syringe and uncapped needle.

You receive a patient who is complaining of pain in the area of the left fourth and fifth metatarsals, however the requisition asks for a left ankle examination. What should you do?

Check with the referring physician before performing the exam

You receive an ambulatory patient for a GI series. As the patient is seated on the x-ray table, he feels faint. You should?

- lay the patient down on the X-ray table and elevate their legs or place the table slightly trendelenburg

The technologist must perform which procedure prior to entering a contact isolation room with a mobile X-ray unit?

Put on gown, gloves, mask, and cap

What are examples of nasogastric tubes?

- salem sump

- levin

The most effective method of sterilization is?

A) Dry heat

B) Moist heat

C) Pasteurization

D) Freezing

B- Moist heat

Condition in which pulmonary alveoli lose their elasticity and become permanently inflated causing the patient to consciously exhale is called?

Emphysema

Chest drainage systems should always be kept:

Below the level of the patients chest

What is nitroglycerin used for?

To relieve pain from angina pectoris. It is a vasodilator and is usually given sublingually

What range is considered normal for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels?

8 to 25 mg/100 mL

A quantity of medication introduced intravenously over a period of time is termed as what?

an infusion

A patient who is diaphoretic has what appearance?

pale, cool, clammy skin

In what order should the following examinations be performed?

1) Upper GI

2) IV urogram

3) Barium enema

2,3,1

- IV urogram

- Barium enema

- Upper GI

What is a fomite (type of transmission)?

An inanimate object that has been in contact with an infectious microorganism

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using nonionic, water soluble contrast media?

Advantages: low toxicity, fewer adverse reactions

Disadvantage: high cost

Symptoms associated with a respiratory reaction to contrast media include?

sneezing, dyspnea, asthma attack

Where may skin discolouration due to cyanosis be observed?

the gums

With a patient suffering abdominal pain, it is frequently helpful to?

- elevate the head slightly with a pillow.

- place a support under the knees.

What type of catheter is a swan-ganz?

IV

What is the medical term for nosebleed?

Epitaxis

Which of the following radiographic procedures requires an intrathecal injection?

A) IV pyelogram

B) Myelogram

C) Lymphangiogram

D) Computed tomography

B: myelogram.

- myelogram is a radiographic examination of the spinal canal, therefore requires an intrathecal (intraspinal) injection

What is the medical term for congenital clubfoot?

Talipes

Hypochlorite bleach (clorox) and Lysol are examples of?

Disinfectants

The condition that allows blood to shunt between the right and left ventricles is called?

Ventricular septal defect

A drugs chemical name is called its?

Generic name

What is tort? and when may a technologist be found guilty of it?

- Tort is an intentional or unintentional act that involves personal injury or damage to a patient

Examples include

- failure to shield a patient of childbearing age from unnecessary radiation

- performing an exam on a patient who is refusing the exam

- discussing a patients condition with a third party

If a technologist performed a lumbar spine examination on a patient who was supposed to have an elbow examination, what charges may be brought against the technologist?

Battery- refers to the unlawful laying of hands on a patient

An esophagogram might be requested for patients with what esophageal disorders/symptoms?

- esophageal varies

- Achalasia

What conditions require the use of reverse isolation

- burns

- leukemia

What type of contrast medium should be used on a patient with a suspected perforated ulcer?

Water soluble iodinated media

What is required in the proper care of a patient with a tracheostomy?

- employ a sterile technique if you must touch the tracheostomy

- before you suction a tracheostomy, the patient should be well aerated

- never suction for longer than 15 seconds, allowing the patient to rest in between

A patient experiencing an episode of syncope should be placed in which position?

Dorsal recumbent with feet elevated (supine)

The diameter of a needle is termed its

Gauge

Chemical substances that are used to kill pathogenic bacteria are called?

germicides and disinfectants

Where is the "sterile corridor" located?

(A) Just outside the surgical suite

(B) Immediately inside each operating room door

(C) Between the draped patient and the instrument table

(D) At the foot end of the draped patient

C) between the draped patient and the instrument table

The medical abbreviations "npo", and "tid" mean what?

npo- nothing by mouth

tid- three times a day

A patient suffering from orthopnea would experience the least discomfort in what position?

Erect

In which of the following conditions is a double contrast barium enema essential for demonstration of the condition?

A) Polyps

B) Colitis

C) Diverticulosis

A&B- Polyps and Colitis.

- double contrast studies of the large bowel are especially useful for demonstration of the bowel wall and anything projecting from it

- Polyps are projections of the bowel wall mucous membrane into the bowel lumen

- Colitis is inflammation of the large bowel, often associated with ulcerations of the mucosal wall

What is subjective and objective data?

- Subjective data relates to what the patient feels and to what extent. Ex: patient states pain in the arm

- Objective data includes signs and symptoms that can be observed. Ex: swollen arm, cough, etc

What is the medical abbreviation that means "every hour"?

qh

Radiographs are the property of the?

(A) radiologist.

(B) patient.

(C) health-care institution.

(D) referring physician.

C) health care institution

What is considered the normal range for creatinine levels?

0.6 to 1.5 mg/100 mL

When moving a heavy object, proper ergonomics require that you

- push the object versus pulling it

- provide a broad base of support

- when lifting, bend your knees and keep back straight

- keep load well balanced and close to your body