World history finals review

Puppet Government (Cold war)

governments that “had power” but were controlled by the Soviet Union

Iron Curtain ( Cold War )

ideological barrier that divided Europe into Communist (East) and Non-Communist (West)

Cold war ( Cold War )

conflict between US and USSR over ideas and viewpoints

First World ( Cold War )

democratic, developed and industrialized nations (North America and Western Europe)

Second World ( Cold War )

communist, semi-developed nations (Eastern Europe and USSR)

Third World ( Cold war )

poor and undeveloped nations (Latin America, Asia, and Africa)

Containment ( Cold War )

strategy to fight communism by “containing” it and not allowing it to spread

Truman Doctrine ( Cold War )

US policy pledging to help any nation in the world that wanted to resist Communism

Marshall Plan ( Cold War )

US program that provided $13 billion to Western Europe to prevent recovering countries from falling to Communism

Great Leap Forward ( Cold War )

five year plan in communist China that centered around catching up to first world countries

Deterrence ( Cold War )

US and USSR tried to discourage or deter an attack from the other by building up more weapons

Mutually Assured Destruction ( Cold War )

strategy that if one country used an atomic weapon, the other would use one too and both would be destroyed

NATO ( Cold War )

North Atlantic Treaty Organization that contained US, Canada, Iceland, and Western European countries (Non Communist)

Warsaw Pact ( Cold War )

Soviet Union and Eastern European nations (Communist)

Space Race ( Cold war )

competition between US and USSR in the field of space exploration

38th Parallel ( Cold War )

dividing line between North and South Korea

Armistice ( Cold War )

an agreement to a temporary truce

Proxy War ( Cold War)

a war between major powers without directly fighting each other

De-stalinazation ( Cold War )

process of overturning policies created by Stalin and trying to remove him from memory

Berlin Wall ( Cold War )

28 mile barrier between East and West Berlin

Bay of pigs invasion ( Cold war )

secret plan to invade Cuba and overthrow Fidel Castro by the United States

Cuban Missile Crisis ( Cold War )

13 day period where both leaders were ready to use nuclear weapons at any moment

Operation Rolling thunder ( Cold War )

series of airstrikes meant to destroy North Vietnamese cities

Napalm ( Cold War )

 highly flammable gasoline that causes burns

Agent Orange ( Cold War )

chemical poison that killed vegetation and trees

Tet Offensive ( Cold War )

North Vietnam launched a surprise attack against the Americans during a ceasefire

My Lai Massacre ( Cold war )

American troops killed hundreds of unarmed civilians and the military attempted to cover it up

Holocaust ( The Holocaust )

a systematic killing of the Jewish people living in Germany and Nazi controlled territories

Genocide ( The Holocaust )

deliberate killing of a certain group of people with the intent of destroying their existence

Anti-Semitism ( The Holocaust )

hostility, prejudice, or extreme hate towards Jewish people

Scapegoat ( The Holocaust )

 a person or group that can be blamed for problems

Aryan Race ( The Holocaust )

Hitler’s idea of a perfect race; pure German blood, blonde hair, and blue eyes

Nuremberg Laws ( The Holocaust )

anti Jewish laws that made life extremely difficult and targeted Jews

Concentration Camp ( The Holocaust )

camps during the Holocaust where people were detained and confined 

Propaganda ( The Holocaust )

biased communication to get people to think or feel a certain way

Kristallnacht ( The Holocaust )

also known as “Night of Broken Glass” was an attack on Jews and Jewish property

Ghetto ( The Holocaust )

poorly kept up part of a city where only Jewish people could live

Final Solution ( The Holocaust )

the Nazi policy of exterminating Jewish people

Extermination/Death Camp ( The Holocaust )

camps that were built with the specific purpose of mass killing Jews

Righteous among the nations ( The Holocaust )

the name given to non-Jews who risked their lives to help Jews from being killed in the Holocaust

Nuremberg trials ( The Holocaust )

trials against Nazi leaders where it was determined what their punishments would be

Munich Conference (WW2)

last minute meeting between Italy, Germany, France, and Great Britain to avoid war

Appeasement (WW2)

strategy used by Britain and France to give in to Hitler’s demands to avoid going to war

Nazi Soviet Pact

non aggression agreement between Germany and USSR

Blitzkreig (WW2)

German war strategy known as “lightning war”, attack using planes, tanks, and soldiers with great speed and firepower

Axis Powers (WW2)

Germany, Italy, and Japan

Allied Powers (WW2)

Great Britain, France, and eventually United States and the Soviet Union

Radar (WW2)

technology used to show incoming airplanes, helped GB in Battle of Britain

Operation Barbarossa (WW2)

 German codename for the invasion of the Soviet Union

Scorched Earth (WW2)

Soviet strategy to burn and destroy everything as they retreated

Manhattan Project (WW2)

research project that helped create the atomic bomb (led by J. Robert Oppenheimer)

Black Tuesday ( Between the wars )

day the stock market crashes in the US

Great Depression ( Between the wars )

severe downturn in American economy following the stock market crash

Totalitarianism ( Between the wars )

a political system in which the government holds total authority over the society and seeks to control everything

Communism ( Between the wars )

system in which all means of production are commonly owned rather than privately owned

Fascism ( Between the wars )

system that puts nation and race above all else

Nazism ( Between the wars )

system that put German nationality above all

Capitialism ( between the wars )

economic system in which trade and industry are controlled privately

Duma ( Between the wars )

group of the government that helped make decisions for Nicholas II

Bolsheviks ( Between the wars)

group of people in Russia who wanted Communism in Russia

Black shirts ( Between the wars )

fascist volunteers in Italy in charge of “taking care” of political enemies (secret police)

Weimar republic ( Between the wars )

name given to German democracy after WW1

Third Reich (Between the wars )

3rd German empire, Hitler believed it would last 1,000 years (lasted less than 15)

credit (between the wars )

money