juvenile justice short answers

What are Miranda Rights? What is the current state of custodial interrogation of juveniles? What are the arguments against the use of custodial interrogation with juveniles?

• Miranda Rights: Right to remain silent and have an attorney.

• Current state: Juveniles can be questioned, but courts must consider age and understanding.

• Arguments against: Kids don’t fully understand rights → higher risk of false confessions.

What is the current status of the death penalty and life without parole for juveniles? What is the main argument against using both with juveniles?

• Death penalty: Not allowed for juveniles.

• LWOP: Allowed, but not mandatory.

• Main argument against: Juveniles are less mature and more capable of change.

What is juvenile diversion? What is the purpose of diversion for juveniles? What is one criticism of diversion in the juvenile justice system?

• Definition: Keeps youth out of formal court and into programs.

• Purpose: Avoid labeling and provide treatment.

• Criticism: “Net widening” (more youth get pulled into the system).

What is the developmental perspective as it relates to crime prevention? Why is it strategic to try to prevent crime at this life phase?

• Focuses on preventing crime by addressing issues early in life.

• Why strategic: Early intervention stops problems before they get worse.

Describe the public health model of prevention. What are each of the levels of intervention? Provide an example of each. What is the rationale and aims behind the model?

• Treats crime like a disease to prevent.

Levels:

• Primary: Everyone (ex: school programs)

• Secondary: At-risk youth (ex: mentoring)

• Tertiary: Offenders (ex: rehab programs)

Goal: Prevent crime before it starts and reduce risk factors.