FNP Board board prep HTN medication

A 58-year-old patient with diabetes presents with a blood pressure of 148/92 mm Hg. Which antihypertensive class is preferred because it provides kidney protection?

ACE inhibitor

A patient taking lisinopril develops a persistent dry cough. Which medication is most likely causing the symptom?

Lisinopril (ACE inhibitor)

A patient taking lisinopril develops lip swelling and difficulty breathing. Which adverse effect is occurring?

Angioedema

A patient with hypertension and chronic kidney disease requires medication therapy. Which first-line class is recommended?

ACE inhibitor or ARB

A patient taking losartan asks what medication class it belongs to. What is the correct answer?

ARB

A patient develops a cough while taking lisinopril. Which medication may be substituted?

Losartan

A patient taking an ACE inhibitor requires monitoring of which laboratory value?

Potassium

A patient taking an ARB should be monitored for which electrolyte abnormality?

Hyperkalemia

A patient is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide. Which medication class is this?

Thiazide diuretic

A patient taking hydrochlorothiazide develops elevated uric acid levels. Which medication is the likely cause?

Hydrochlorothiazide

A patient with a history of gout requires hypertension treatment. Which medication class may worsen gout?

Thiazide diuretics

A patient taking chlorthalidone develops elevated blood glucose levels. Which medication class can cause this effect?

Thiazide diuretics

A patient with osteoporosis and hypertension asks which medication may provide additional benefit. Which class is most appropriate?

Thiazide diuretics

An African American patient with newly diagnosed hypertension requires initial treatment. Which first-line medication class is preferred?

Thiazide diuretic or calcium channel blocker

A patient is prescribed amlodipine. Which medication class does it belong to?

Calcium channel blocker

A patient taking amlodipine develops ankle swelling. Which adverse effect is most likely occurring?

Peripheral edema

A patient taking verapamil develops a heart rate of 48 bpm. Which medication is the likely cause?

Verapamil - CCB

A patient taking diltiazem (CCB) complains of dizziness and fatigue. Which adverse effect should be suspected?

Bradycardia

A patient asks how to identify calcium channel blockers on a medication list. What suffix should the NP look for?

-dipine

A patient asks how to identify ARBs on a medication list. What suffix should the NP look for?

-sartan

A patient asks how to identify ACE inhibitors on a medication list. What suffix should the NP look for?

-pril

A patient with hypertension asks what treatment should always be recommended before or along with medications.

Lifestyle modification

A patient with newly diagnosed hypertension asks which lifestyle changes lower blood pressure.

Weight loss, exercise, sodium reduction, and limiting alcohol

A pregnant patient develops chronic hypertension. Which medication is considered first-line therapy during pregnancy?

Labetalol - “new little Mama” Nifedipine (procardia), Methyldopa

A pregnant patient at 30 weeks gestation develops hypertension. Which medication is commonly used for acute blood pressure control?

Nifedipine - CCB- Vasodialator

A pregnant patient requires maintenance therapy for hypertension. Which medication is considered safe in pregnancy?

Methyldopa - Alpha-2 agonist

A pregnant patient taking lisinopril becomes pregnant. What should the NP do?

Discontinue the ACE inhibitor

Which medication classes are contraindicated during pregnancy because of fetal toxicity?

ACE inhibitors and ARBs

A pregnant patient with severe preeclampsia requires rapid blood pressure reduction. Which medication is commonly used?

Labetalol - Non-selective BB

A patient asks for the mnemonic used to remember pregnancy hypertension medications.

NEW LITTLE MAMA (Nifedipine, Labetalol, Methyldopa)

A patient taking an ACE inhibitor develops elevated creatinine and potassium levels. Which medication class is responsible?

ACE inhibitor

A patient asks which antihypertensive medications provide renal protection in diabetes.

ACE inhibitors and ARBs

A patient taking amlodipine reports swollen ankles but no shortness of breath. Which medication side effect is most likely?

Peripheral edema

A patient taking hydrochlorothiazide develops recurrent gout attacks. Which medication should the NP suspect?

Hydrochlorothiazide

A patient with hypertension and CKD cannot tolerate “pril” ACE inhibitors because of cough. Which medication class should be prescribed instead?

ARB - “artan”

A patient asks which antihypertensive medication class blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.

ACE inhibitors “prils”

A patient asks which antihypertensive medication class blocks angiotensin II receptors.

ARBs - “artans”

A patient taking verapamil develops constipation and bradycardia. Which medication class is responsible?

Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker - Verapramil/ Diltiazem

A patient with Raynaud disease and hypertension may benefit from which antihypertensive class?

Calcium channel blocker - “dipine”