Exam 4 - Alcohols, Epoxides, Ethers

What suffix identifies alcohols in naming conventions?

-ol

How do you determine the priority of the OH group in alcohol naming?

The OH group takes priority and gets the lowest number.

What synthesis mechanism is primarily used for the formation of alcohols?

SN2 mechanism.

What is Zaitsev's rule related to in dehydration reactions?

Dehydration follows Zaitsev's rule, favoring the formation of the more substituted product.

Which mechanism do secondary and tertiary alcohols follow in reaction to dehydration?

E1 mechanism.

What is the common naming convention for ethers?

Name both alkyl groups alphabetically and add the word 'ether'.

What are the IUPAC naming rules for ethers?

Name the simpler alkyl group and include O as a substituent.

What happens during the formation of epoxides from alkenes?

ONE oxygen is added to the alkene.

Under what condition does the intramolecular synthesis of epoxides NOT work?

When both groups are on a ring and in the same direction.

What type of alcohols react to form alkyl halides via H-X?

Methyl and primary alcohols react via SN2 mechanism.

Which reaction mechanism do SOCl2 and PBr3 facilitate in alcohols?

SN2 mechanism.

What reaction occurs when opening an epoxide ring with a strong nucleophile?

The nucleophile attacks less substituted carbon when not equally substituted.

What is the suffix used to identify alkenes in IUPAC naming?

-ene.

What does Markovnikov's rule state regarding hydrogen addition in alkene reactions?

Hydrogen is added to the more substituted carbon.

What type of addition does hydrohalogenation exhibit?

SYN and ANTI addition.

What is the effect of high temperatures in the equilibrium of alkene and alcohol formation?

High temperatures favor alkene formation.

What type of stereochemistry does halogenation produce?

Only ANTI addition.

What does hydroboration-oxidation favor in terms of alkene substitution?

ANTI-MARKOVNIKOV; goes to the less substituted alkene.