Medical Terminology Flashcards

These flashcards cover essential medical terminology, focusing on root words, suffixes, and their definitions to aid in understanding anatomy and pathophysiology.

myo

muscle

card

heart

itis

inflammation

myocarditis

muscle layer of heart inflamed

pericarditis

outer layer of heart inflamed

endocarditis

inner layer of heart inflamed

cardiologist

a physician specializing in the heart

cardiomyopathy

damage to heart muscle layer

cardiomegaly

enlargement of the heart

-itis

inflammation

-osis

abnormal condition

cyanosis

blueness, due to cold or low oxygen

-ectomy

to cut out (remove)

-otomy

to cut into

tracheotomy

to cut into the windpipe, temporary opening

-ostomy

to make a 'mouth'.

colostomy

to make a permanent opening in colon

a/an

without, none

anemia

literally no blood but means few red cells

micro

small

microstomia

abnormally small mouth

macro

large

macrostomia

abnormally large mouth

mega/ -megaly

enlarged

megacolon

abnormally large colon

-scopy/ -scopic

to look, observe

colonoscopy

look into colon

-graphy/ -graph

recording an image, machine/tool that records

mammography

imaging the breasts

-gram

the image (X-ray)

mammogram

the image/result the patient gets

-ology/ -ologist

study, specialize in

nephrologist

study kidneys

stomato

mouth

stomatitis

inflammation of the mouth

dento

teeth

dentist

specialist in teeth

glosso/linguo

tongue

glossitis

inflammation of the tongue

gingivo

gums

gingivitis

inflammation of the gums

encephalo

brain

encephalitis

inflammation of the brain

gastro

stomach

gastritis

inflammation of the stomach

entero

intestine

gastroenteritis

inflammation of the stomach and intestines

colo

large intestine

colitis

inflammation of the colon

procto

anus/rectum

proctitis

inflammation of the anus/rectum

proctologist

specialist of the anus/rectum

hepato

liver

hepatitis

Inflammation of the liver

hepatomegaly

enlargement of the liver

nephro/rene

kidney

nephrosis

a noninflammatory disease of kidneys.

renal artery

artery that supplies blood to the kidney

orchido

testis

orchiditis

inflammation of the testis

orchidectomy

removal of the testis

oophoro

ovary

oophorectomy

removal of the ovary

hystero/metro

uterus

hysterectomy

removal of the uterus

endometritis

inflammation of the inner uterine lining

salpingo

uterine tubes

hysterosalpingogram

image of uterus + tubes

dermo

skin

dermatitis

inflammation of the skin

masto/mammo

breast

mastectomy

surgical removal of the breast

osteo

bones

osteoporosis

weak bones

cardio

heart

electrocardiogram (ECG)

recording of the heart’s electrical activity

cysto

bladder

cystitis

inflammation of the bladder

rhino

nose

rhinitis

inflammation of the nose

phlebo/veno

veins

phlebitis

inflammation of the veins

phlebotomy

cutting into a vein

pneumo/pulmo

lung

pneumonitis

lung inflammation

pulmonologist

lung specialist

hemo/emia

blood

hematologist

blood specialist

anemia

lack of normal blood

leuk/o

white

leukemia

overabundance of white blood cells

melan/o

black

melanoma

black tumor of the skin

cyan/o

blue

cyanosis

blueness may be due to cold or not enough oxygen in blood

xanth/o

yellow

xanthoma

yellow tumor

oma

names tumor

aden/o

gland

adenoma

gland tumor