Ecol test 4 :(

Which definition of a pesticide is most correct? A. An environmental hazard used to control invasive plants
B. A pathogen that causes infectious disease or other threats to living
organisms
C. A chlorinated hydrocarbon used to disrupt the nerves of aquatic
organisms
D. A natural or synthetic chemical that kills or repels plant or animal pests

D

The book written by Rachel Carson exposing the hazards of DDT is called

silent spring

DDT is an abbreviation for which of the following?

A. Diethly-Dextrose-Trimethanol
B. Dichloro-Diphenyl-Trichloroethane
C. Dipternal-Dyasurid-Triptene
D. Diproto-Dipterial-Tyranosaur

B

Which of the following is an acute toxic effect?

A. Allergy to latex
B. Poisoning from botulism
C. Lung cancer from smoking
D. Influenza

B. poising from botulism

Buildup of a toxin over a lifetime is called what?

bioaccumulation

What is the most common use of plastics?

packaging

What is the most common type of waste management in the U.S?

sanitary landfill

Which watershed is the primary cause of the dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico?

Mississippi River

Which of the following is NOT associated with eutrophication?

A. High algal growth
B. Low water nutrient levels
C. Low dissolved oxygen
D. Increased sedimentation

B and C

Which of the following is a type of nonpoint source water pollution?

A. storm drain

B. Water

C. Urban runoff into rivers

D. Industrial discharge point

C. urban runoff into rivers

Which type of waste cannot be broken down naturally?
A. Biodegradable
B. Compostable
C. Nondegradable
D. Organic

nondegradable

Plastics are resistant to:
A. Heat
B. Biodegradation
C. Pressure
D. Water

Biodegradation

Eutrophication is caused by excess:
A. Oxygen
B. Nitrogen and phosphorus
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Salt

nitrogen and phosphorus

A dead zone is caused by:
A. High oxygen

B. Hypoxia
C. High nutrients
D. Cold water

hypoxia

Which is a point source pollutant?
A. Farm runoff
B. Urban runoff
C. Industrial discharge pipe
D. Rainwater

industrial discharge pipe

Which is a nonpoint source pollutant?
A. Sewage pipe
B. Factory drain
C. Urban runoff
D. Treatment plant

urban runoff

Acid rain forms from:
A. CO₂
B. Sulfur and nitrogen oxides
C. Oxygen
D. Methane

sulfur and nitrogen oxides

The lithosphere is:
A. Core
B. Atmosphere
C. Outer rigid layer of Earth
D. Ocean floor only

outer rigid layer of Earth

Smelting involves:
A. Crushing rock
B. Heating to extract metals
C. Cooling minerals
D. Washing ore

heating to extract metals

Primary mineral mined in Butte, Montana:
A. Gold
B. Copper
C. Iron
D. Silver

copper

Transboundary pollution is:
A. Indoor pollution
B. Pollution crossing borders
C. Ocean-only pollution
D. Soil contamination

pollution crossing borders

DDT was first developed in:
A. 1920
B. 1939
C. 1945
D. 1955

1939

DDT is especially dangerous because it is:
A. Water soluble
B. Lipid soluble
C. Non-toxic
D. Easily degraded

lipid soluble

DDT affects bird populations by:
A. Increasing egg size
B. Thickening shells
C. Causing eggshell thinning
D. Preventing reproduction entirely

causing eggshell thinning

Plastics were first invented in:
A. 1850
B. 1907
C. 1930
D. 1950

1907

Which plastic is most used for packaging due to flexibility?
A. PVC
B. Polypropylene
C. Polyethylene
D. Polyester

polyethylene

What percentage of plastics are recycled?
A. 10%
B. 25%
C. 50%
D. 75%

10%

The average American produces about how much waste per day?
A. 1 lb
B. 2.5 lbs
C. 4.5 lbs
D. 10 lbs

4.5 lbs

Leachate is:
A. Air pollution
B. Solid waste
C. Contaminated liquid from waste
D. Methane gas

contaminated liquid from waste

Microplastics are defined as plastics smaller than:
A. 1 cm
B. 10 mm
C. 5 mm
D. 1 mm

5 mm

True or false: Plastics are designed to break down quickly in the environment.

false

A watershed is:
A. A water treatment plant
B. Land area draining into a body of water
C. Underground aquifer
D. Ocean current

land area draining into a body of water

Turbidity refers to:
A. Water temperature
B. Water clarity
C. Oxygen levels
D. pH

water clarity

Hypoxia means:
A. High oxygen
B. Low oxygen
C. No nutrients
D. High temperature

low oxygen

True or false: Eutrophication increases oxygen levels in water.

false

Primary pollutants are:
A. Formed in atmosphere
B. Emitted directly
C. Only natural
D. Only man-made

emitted directly

Secondary pollutants are formed by:
A. Water
B. Chemical reactions in air
C. Soil
D. Plants

chemical reactions in air

Ground-level ozone forms from:
A. Water vapor
B. Sunlight + pollutants
C. Oxygen alone
D. Nitrogen alone

sunlight + pollutants

PM2.5 particles are dangerous because they:
A. Stay in upper airways
B. Enter bloodstream
C. Are harmless
D. Are visible

enter the bloodstream

True or false: PM10 particles can enter deep into the bloodstream.

false

Overburden is:
A. Toxic waste
B. Soil covering mineral deposits
C. Metal ore
D. Water pollution

soil covering mineral deposits

Acid mine drainage results from:
A. Rainfall
B. Sulfates reacting with water and oxygen
C. Heat
D. Wind

surfaces reacting with water and oxygen

NEPA requires:
A. Pollution removal
B. Environmental impact statements
C. Recycling laws
D. Mining bans

B. environmental impact statements

The EPA was established in:
A. 1960
B. 1970
C. 1980
D. 1990

1970

True or false: The Montréal Protocol addressed ozone depletion caused by CFCs.

true

Eggshell thinning is caused by disruption of:

A. Iron

B. Calcium

C. Sodium

D. Oxygen

calcium

Eutrophication starts with excess:

A. Oxygen

B. Nutrients

C. Salt

D. Carbon

nutrients

What state produces the most cotton?

A. Texas

B. Georgia

C. Florida

D. Mississippi

texas

When did the boll weevil first appear in GA?

1915

True or false: overburden is highly toxic

false

When was DDT banned?

1972

True or false: DDT is still used today

true

lipid soluble means

it accumulates in body fats

how much needed to cause harm is

potency

True or false: Adult female bald eagles are 25% bigger than adult males

true

How much is spent on pesticides per year in the U.S.?

$11 billlion

Using _____ has been an effective and non-toxic pesticide strategy to control and eradicate boll weevils in GA

pheromones

When were plastics invented?

1907

Any material that humans discard is

solid waste

Everyday garbage/trash produced by individuals or small businesses

Municipal solid waste

Water that carries dissolved substances (often contaminated)

leachate

the most successful example of circularity in waste is

aluminum recycling