AEC Textbook Exam 2 Prep

How long can Tuberculosis (TB) reamin inactive for?

It can remain inactive for many years, potentially for a lifetime without causing symptoms or being contagious.

What is Tuberculosis (TB)?

A contagious disease, typically spread through coughing, that attacks the lungs.

What does the upper airway include?

nose, mouth, jaw, oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx.

What is the function of the upper airway?

to warm, filter, and humidify air as it enters the nose and mouth.

What does the lower airway include?

Trachea and lungs.

What is the function of the lower airway?

to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.

What does AGPs stand for?

Aerosol-generating procedures.

Aerosol-generating procedures require what for safe treatment?

Enhanced PPE.

What is considered adequate breathing (or respiratory rate) for an adult?

a normal rate of 12-20 breaths a minute.

What is considered a regular pattern of breathing?

A consistent pattern of inhalation and exhalation, adequate breath, bilaterally clear and equal lung sounds, and regular/equal chest rise and fall.

What is considered inadequate breathing/respiratory rate for an adult?

a rate of fewer than 12 breaths/min or more than 20 breaths/min, shallow depth (reduced tidal volume), an irregular pattern of inhalation and exhalation, and breath sounds that are diminished, absent, or noisy.

What signs do a patient with inadequate breathing show?

hypoxia: a dangerous condition in which the body’s tissues and cells do not have enough oxygen

When should patients with inadequate breathing need to be treated?

immediately

What does emergency medical care for inadequate breathing include?

airway management, supplemental oxygen, and ventilatory support.

What are the basic techniques for opening the airway?

head tilt-chin lift maneuver, or, if trauma is suspected, the jaw thrust maneuver.

What does the oral airway adjunct (oropharyngeal) do?

Keep the tongue from blocking the airway in unconscious patients with no gag reflex. If oral airway is not the proper size or inserted incorrectly, it can cause an obstruction.