spain

Iberian Peninsula

The peninsula that includes Spain and Portugal.

Moor

Spanish Muslims who inhabited southern Spain.

Ferdinand and Isabella

The King and Queen of Aragon and Castile who unified Spain.

Age of Exploration

A period in which European nations explored and colonized new territories.

Columbus's Voyage

In 1492, funded by Spain, he discovered the New World while seeking a route to China.

Conquistadors

Spanish conquerors known for their victories in the New World, often due to superior military technology.

Hernan Cortez

The conquistador who conquered the Aztec Empire.

Francisco Pizarro

The conquistador who conquered the Inca Empire.

Columbian Exchange

The exchange of goods, ideas, and diseases between the New World and the Old World.

Encomienda System

A system of Native American slavery for labor in Spanish colonies.

Spanish Armada of 1588

The failed attempt to invade England and restore Catholicism.

West African Slave Trade

The trade system involving the forced transportation of Africans to the Americas.

Enlightenment

An intellectual movement that influenced revolutions in Latin America and Mexico.

Spanish-American War (1898)

The conflict that resulted in Spain losing its territories in the New World.

Spanish Civil War (1931-1939)

The internal conflict in Spain between government forces and nationalists led by Franco.

Fransisco Franco

The military leader who won the Spanish Civil War and established a fascist regime.

Basque Separatism

The movement by the Basque people seeking independence from Spain.