spain

Period 1

Western hemispheres 

Iberian peninsula 

Sapin is the only European country with a minority population of Muslims (moor - spanish Muslims) located in southern Spain

Spain was not unified until the mid-1400s

biggest territories in Spain at the time are Castile and Aragon

Spanish rulers of Aragon and castles

The King of Argan and the queen of the castle decide to marry and unite their kingdoms to become stronger in the fight against the war (Fernand and Isabella)

This makes Spain

Period 2

Age of Exploration

After the moors are expelled in 1492 Spain decides to fund Christopher Columbus's transoceanic maritime exploration across the Atlantic Ocean to find an alternative route to China and India

Columbus discovers the New World

Spain is the first country to explore colonize and profit from the new world which makes them the big winner of the age of  exploration and the strongest European country for centuries 

New world profits include animals products food gold and silver

Spain will also conquer and colonize most of South America (not Brazil)

All of Latin America into Mexico as well as a large portion of Southwest America

Magellan - Spanish explorer who circumnavigate the world which helps with time and distances

Conquistadors - Spanish conquers who explore the new world and are mostly victorious because of their superior military technology and natives dying of disease

The most successful conquistadors are Hernan Cortez who conquered the Aztecs () and francisco pizarro who conquers the Inca empire

Columbian exchange - goods, and products that go to and from the new world to the old world and include everything (animals, foods, diseases, trees)

This leads to people in the old world eating more calories which makes them healthier and live longer

Religion also spreads in the new world 

Protestant Reformation in Spain 

• Attempt to stop the spread of the protestant religion by sending armies into the Dutch regions and unsuccessfully trying to invade England to overthrow the protestant queen Elizabeth the I in the Spanish Armada of 1588  

Encomienda system - Native American slavery when they did jobs such as gold and silver

Eventually natives due to European diseases and are replaced by Africans thus creating

West African slave trade

African

Atlantic Ocean

Triangular trade

Its largest slave trade ever that lasts until the early 1800s

Period 3

Enlightenment - Latin American and Mexican revolutions overthrow Spanish colonialism which leads a lot less territory in the new world which leads to them greatly declining in power 

Imperialism

Spain loses all of the new world territories with their defeat in the Spanish-American war in 1898 to the USA

Loses territories in Cuba, puerto rico, the ohilpinsa, and Guam

Spain is a member of the berlin conference and receives African territory 

Period 4

Interwar years

• Spain in 1931 has the Spanish civil war in which the government of Spain is fighting the nationalist led by military leader Fransico Franko who promotes fascism 

• After gaining aid from Muslini and Hitler (Guernica) Franco wins in 1939

World War II - Remains neutral 

Cold war - dealing with Basque separatists utilizing terrorism to gain their independence, basque people want an independent country