Gilded Age - Native Americans
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24 Terms
Under the 1871 Appropriation Act, what did NAs become?
“wards of the federal government”
What triggered The Great Sioux War?
Discovery of gold in the Black Hills - influx of miners and settlers into Sioux reservation land under 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty
When was the Battle of Little Bighorn?
June 1876
Who was the general who faced the NAs in the Battle of Little Bighorn and how many men did he have with him?
General Custer, 200
Over how many NAs fought at the Battle of Little Bighorn?
3000
Who commanded the NAs in the Battle of Little Bighorn?
Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse
What year was the Massacre at Wounded Knee?
1890
How many NAs were killed in the Massacre at Wounded Knee?
200
What year was the Dawes Severalty Act?
1887
What was the stated aim of the Dawes Severalty Act?
De-tribalise and assimilate NAs
What was the covert aim of the Dawes Severalty Act?
Release reservation land to be sold to white Americans
How many acres of land was each family given in the Dawes Severalty Act?
160 acres
How many years did each family have to farm their land in the Dawes Severalty Act to gain full ownership?
25 years
How many acres of land did the federal government regain during the Dawes Severalty Act?
72 million
What year was the Curtis Act passed?
1898
What were the five civilised tribes?
Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee, and Seminole
Approximately how many buffalo were on the Plains in 1800?
30 million
Approximately how many buffalo remained on the Plains by 1890?
1000
How many acres of ‘surplus’ land were sold to white settlers after the passing of the Dawes Act?
60 million
By 1900, approximately how many government-run off-reservation boarding schools were there for NAs?
150
How many NAs were there on the Plains during the 1860s?
260,000
How many NAs remained on the Plains by 1900?
100,000
By 1865, how many treaties had been made between NAs and white settlers?
370
In what decade was the forced displacement and ethnic cleansing of the five civilised tribes, what was the route nicknamed, how many Cherokee are estimated to have died migrating?
1830s, The Trail of Tears, 6000