Blood Pressure

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Last updated 4:49 AM on 6/18/26
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25 Terms

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Blood Pressure
The force that blood exerts on the walls of arteries.
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Sphygmomanometer
Instrument used to measure blood pressure.
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Parts of a Sphygmomanometer
A rubber bag inside a cloth cuff, a hand bulb pump, and a recording device.
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Placement of the Blood Pressure Cuff
Wrapped around the upper arm just above the elbow.
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Purpose of Inflating the Cuff
Compresses the brachial artery and temporarily stops blood flow.
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Brachial Artery
The artery in the upper arm used for measuring blood pressure.
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What Happens When the Cuff Is Inflated
The brachial artery is compressed and blood flow is stopped.
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Pulse During Full Compression
The pulse below the cuff disappears.
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What Happens as Air Escapes the Cuff
The pressure decreases and blood begins flowing through the artery again.
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Systolic Blood Pressure
The pressure in an artery when the left ventricle contracts.
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When Systolic Pressure Is Measured
At the first sound of pulse beats heard through the stethoscope.
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Diastolic Blood Pressure
The pressure in an artery when the ventricles relax and fill with blood.
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When Diastolic Pressure Is Measured
When the pulse sounds change from loud to soft.
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Blood Pressure Reading
Expressed as a fraction such as 120/80 mm Hg.
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Upper Number in a Blood Pressure Reading
The systolic pressure.
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Lower Number in a Blood Pressure Reading
The diastolic pressure.
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Normal Example of Blood Pressure
120/80 mm Hg.
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Source of Blood During Diastole
Blood enters the heart from the venae cavae and pulmonary veins.
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Hypertension
High blood pressure.
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New Hypertension Treatment Target
130/80 mm Hg.
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Risks of Hypertension
Increased risk of heart attack and stroke.
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Both Components of Hypertension
Systolic and diastolic pressures are associated with cardiovascular risk.
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Stethoscope
Instrument used to listen for pulse sounds during blood pressure measurement.
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Purpose of the Recording Device
Displays the pressure inside the cuff during measurement.
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Hand Bulb Pump
Used to inflate the rubber bag inside the cuff.