History of Architecture Week 2

Megalithic

An architectural style involving large stones placed together to create spaces.

Fertile Crescent

An agricultural region from the Eastern shores of the Mediterranean Sea to Iraq, home to some of humanity's earliest cultures.

Papyrus

A type of paper that ancient Egyptians used for writing

Catal Huyuk

A housing development in ancient Turkey where houses are accessible through the rooftop.

Imhotep

A sage, architect, astrologer, and chief minister to Djoser, known in ancient Egypt.

Ziggurat

A flat top rectangular mound carrying the upper temple

Dolmen

type of stone monument found in a variety of places throughout the world. Its is made of two or more upright stones with a single stone lying across them.

Lascaux Cave

A famous cave in France that contains one of the most outstanding displays of prehistoric art.

Hypostyle

An open space filled or defined by a series of columns.

Pyramid

A monumental, four-sided stone mortuary structure that is usually monolithic

Ishtar Gate

A monumental gate which was one of the main gates surrounding the inner city of Babylon.

Machu Picchu Houses

Prehistoric dwellings in Peru known for their Inca origin.

Stonehenge

A significant megalithic monument in Europe with religious and astronomical purposes.

Stacking Technique

A primitive construction method where stone is placed on top of each other; it does not involve the usage of binding agents but rely only an balance and placement/positioning of stones for perfect balance

Ziggurat

Which among the following building types or monumental structures are not built by the Egyptians.

3 and 4

Which among the following structures were never physically evidenced/excavated?

1. Ziggurat

2. Ishtar Gate

3. Hanging Garden of Babylon

4. Tower of Babel

2

Which of the following is the Criosphinx?

1

Which of the following is the Androsphinx?

Ancient Egypt

Monumental pyramids, temples, and shrines. This architecture is classified under which historical design period.

Winged Human Headed Lion

The image below is known to be:

True

Burial Mound in Newgrange Ireland is an artificial hill of earth and stones built over the remains of the dead.

True

Egyptian obelisk has similarities to the Menhir.

False

A mastaba is a typical Egyptian home.

None among the choices

Believed to be created by King Nebuchadnezzar for his wife, it is an evidence of having space features in palaces that appreciates vistas.

Gobekli Tepe, upper Mesopotamia

This landmark presents Monumental round-oval and rectangular Megalithic structures erected by hunter-gatherers in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic age between 9,600 and 8,200 BCE.

Ziggurat

Which among the following building types or monumental structures are not built by the Egyptians.

False

Sphinxes are burial chambers with the pharaoh’s body buried underneath.

True

Following the conquests of Alexander the Great, the architecture of West Asia was influenced by Hellenistic and later Roman styles. This period saw the construction of theaters, amphitheaters, and monumental public buildings.

Menhir

A tall stone put in a vertical position by people in prehistoric times.

Pylon

A gateway to an Egyptian temple

True

Although few and not significant, it can be noted that the West Asiatic Architecture had arched features in it.

False

Egyptian columns were normally plain and smooth.

Pyramid

A monumental, four-sided stone mortuary structure that is usually monolithic.

False

The Egyptians did not believe in the after life.

Criosphinx

Which of the following is not a pre-historic structure.

Newgrange

burial mound in England that is circular in shape

Mud and matting

What were the first houses made of in ancient Egypt?

Lascaux Cave, Dordogne, France

A cave containing one of the most outstanding displays of prehistoric art yet discovered. Located above the Vezere River valley near Montignac, in Dordogne, France, the cave is a short distance upstream from Eyzies-de-Tayac series of caves.

Harem

Private family apartment or women’s quarter

Mesopotamia

An ancient region in western Asia between Tigris and Euphrates rivers, comprising the land of Sumer and Akkad and occupied successively by the Sumerians, Babylonians, Assyrians and Persians (now part of Iraq).

Skara Bae

Identify this known prehistoric community:

System of writing

What was lacking in pre-historic architecture?

True

The Stonehenge is a huge man-made circle of standing stones. One of the most important Megalithic Monuments in Europe; believed to have had religious and astronomical purposes.

Hieroglypics

What is this called

Machu Pichu Houses

The image is a prehistoric dwelling in Peru and is also called the Inca House. Another term for this development is:

True

Ishtar Gate

Pyramid of Giza

This holds the record as the largest pyramid in Egypt.

Queen’s Chamber

Identify part No.5 of the pyramid:

King’s Chamber

Identify part No.4 of the pyramid:

False tomb chamber

Identify part No.6 of the pyramid:

Ishtar gate

This is one of the main gates surrounding the inner city of Babylon, capital of the ancient Mesopotamian kingdom of Babylonia. It was the largest and most elaborate of the city's gateways.

X

Which among the choices is the Palm-headed capital?

V

Which among the choices is the Volute-headed capital?

W

Which among the following is the Hathor Head Capital?

False

Hypostyle meant an open space filled with Sphinxes.