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Night Cafe (by Vincent Van Gogh)
1888 (Post-impressionism)
Arles, France
Luxe, Calme et Volupte (by Henri Matisse)
1904 (Fauvism/Expressionism)
St. Tropez, France
Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (by Pablo Picasso)
1907 (Cubism)
Paris, France
Violin and Palette (by George Braque)
1909 (Cubism)
France
Fountain (by Marcel Duchamp)
1917 (Dada)
New York, US
Object (by Meret Oppenheim)
1936 (Surrealism)
France
The Two Fridas (by Frida Kahlo)
1939 (Surrealism)
Mexico
Rural Schoolteacher (by Diego Rivera)
1928 (Mexican Modernism)
Mexico
Readymade
An object from popular or material culture presented without further manipulation as an artwork by the artist.
Muralism
Promotion of mural painting in Mexico starting in the 1920s with political and social messages.
Analytic cubism
the early phase of cubism, chiefly characterized by a pronounced use of geometric shapes and by a tendency toward a monochromatic use of color.
Synthetic cubism
the late phase of cubism, characterized chiefly by an increased use of color and the imitation or introduction of a wide range of textures and material into painting.
The Third of May 1808 (by Francisco Goya)
1814 (Romanticism)
Madrid, Spain
The Hay Wain (by John Constable)
1821 (Romanticism)
England
The Slave Ship (by J. M. W. Turner)
1840 (Romanticism)
Europe
The Stone Breakers (by Gustave Courbet)
1849 (Realism)
France
The Gleaners (by Jean-Francois Millet)
1857 (Realism)
France
A Harvest of Death (by Timothy O' Sullivan)
1863 (Photography)
Pennsylvania, US
Saint-Lazare Train Station (by Claude Monet)
1877 (Impressionism)
Paris, France
Bar at the Folies-Bergere (by Edouard Manet)
1882 (Impressionism)
Paris, France
The Bath (by Mary Cassatt)
1892 (Impressionism)
Paris, France
Industrial Revolution
A period of rapid growth in the use of machines in manufacturing and production that began in the mid-1700s
Daguerrotype
a photograph made by an early method on a plate of chemically treated metal (developed by Louis JM Daguerre)
Salon
a social gathering of intellectuals and artists, like those held in the homes of wealthy women in Paris and other European cities during the Enlightenment
Modernism in art history
A rejection of history and conservative values (such as realistic depiction of subjects); innovation and experimentation with form
En plein air
the act of painting outdoors. This method contrasts with studio painting or academic rules that might create a predetermined look.
Lamentation (by Giotto di Bondone)
1305 (Early Renaissance)
Made w/ Fresco
Padua, Italy
The Tribute Money (by Masaccio)
1424 - 1427 (Early Renaissance)
Made w/ Fresco
Florence, Italy
Sacrifice of Issac (by Lorenzo Ghiberti)
1401 (Early Renaissance)
Made w/ Gilded Bronze
Florence, Italy
Donatello (by David)
1440-1460 (Early Renaissance)
Made w/ Bronze
Florence, Italy
The OUTSIDE of Church of Sant'Andrea (by Leon Battista Alberty)
1470 (Early Renaissance)
Made w/ brick
Mantua, Italy
The INSIDE of Church of Sant'Andrea (by Leon Battista Alberty)
1470 (Early Renaissance)
Made w/ brick
Mantua, Italy
Last Supper (by Leonardo da Vinci)
1495 - 1498 (High Renaissance)
Made w/ oil, tempera, & plaster
Milan, Italy
Philosophy - School of Athens (by Raphael)
1509-1511 (High Renaissance)
Made w/ Fresco
Rome, Italy
David (by Michelangelo)
1501 - 1504 (High Renaissance)
Made w/ marble
Florence, Italy
Sistine Chapel Ceiling (by Michelangelo)
1508 - 1515 (High Renaissance)
Made w/ Fresco
The Vatican
The Creation of Adam - Sistine Chapel Ceiling (by Michelangelo)
1508 - 1515 (High Renaissance)
Made w/ Fresco
The Vatican
The Fall of Man - Sistine Chapel Ceiling (by Michelangelo)
1508 - 1515 (High Renaissance)
Made w/ Fresco
The Vatican
Humanism
An intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements (i.e. think of paintings covered in this section)
Atmospheric perspective
Creates illusion of depth by making distant objects appear hazy (the farther something is, the hazier/blurrier it seems in paintings)
Linear perspective
Technique creating depth by converging parallel lines to a vanishing point (i.e. drawing a street looking straight ahead)
Chiaroscuro
Contrast of light and shadow to create three-dimensional forms (i.e. high contrast in paintings)
Pilgrimage to Cythera (by Antoine Watteau)
1717 (Rococo)
Musée du Louvre, Paris
The Swing (by Jean Honoré Fragonard)
1767 (Rococo)
Europe
A Rake's Progress (by William Hogarth)
1735 (Rococo)
Europe
A Philosopher Giving a Lecture at the Orrery (by Joseph Wright of Derby)
1765 (Rococo)
Europe
Piazza San Marco (by Canaletto)
1720 (Rococo)
Venice, Italy
Theseus and the Minotaur (by Antonio Canova)
1782 (Neoclassicism)
Rome, Italy
The Oath of the Horatii (by Jacques-Louis David)
1784 (Neoclassicism)
Rome, Italy
Self-Portrait with Two Pupils (Adélaïde Labille-Guiard)
1783 (Neoclassicism)
France
The Enlightenment
Intellectual movement emphasizing reason, science, and individualism.
The Grand Tour
Educational trip across Europe for cultural exposure.
Etching
Printmaking technique using acid to create designs on metal plates.
French Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture
Institution for training artists and promoting French art.
The Great Mosque of Djenné
1200
Djenné, Mali
Wall and tower from the great enclosure
14th Century
City of Great Zimbabwe/Modern Zimbabwe
Shrine Head from the Kingdom of Ife
12th - 14th Century
Nigeria
Pair of Diviner's Figures (by Baule peoples)
19th century
Modern Côte d'Ivoire
Head of an Oba
16th Century
The Court of Benin/Modern Nigeria
Queen mother pendant mask (Iyoba)
16th Century
The Court of Benin (modern Nigeria)
Lidded saltcellar
15th - 16th century
Sapi-Portuguese/Modern Sierra Leone
adobe, mud brick
a building material made from earth and organic materials.
lost-wax casting
process by which a duplicate metal sculpture is cast from an original sculpture
Oba
title for the king of Benin
Shrine Head
Shrine heads represent members of the royal family and were placed inside the royal palace. Sacrifices and offerings were made to dead ancestors.
The Martyrdom of St. Lawrence (made by Titain)
1564 - 1567 (Late Renaissane)
Venice
The conversion of St. Matthew (made by Caravaggio)
1600 (Baroque)
Rome, Italy
St. Theresa in Ecstasy (made by Gian Lorenzo Bernini)
1650 (Baroque)
Rome, Italy
Louis XIV (made by Hyacinthe Rigaud)
1610 (Baroque)
France
Elevation of the cross (by Peter Paul Rubens)
1610 (Baroque)
Antwerp, Belgium
Las Meninas (by Diego Velazquez)
1656 (Baroque)
Spain
Virgin of Guadalupe (by Sebastián Salcedo)
1550 (Baroque)
Colonial Mexico/New Spain
Biombo w/ the Conquest of Mexico City & View of Mexico City
1675 - 1700 (Baroque)
Colonial Mexico/New Spain
Reformation (Christian Churches)
a 16th century movement for religious reform, leading to the founding of Christian churches that rejected the pope's authority
Counter-Reformation (the Catholic Church)
the reaction of the Roman Catholic Church to the Reformation reaffirming the veneration of saints and the authority of the Pope (to which Protestants objected)
Council of Trent
A meeting of Roman Catholic leaders, called by Pope Paul III to rule on doctrines criticized by the Protestant reformers.
baroque
An artistic style of the seventeenth century characterized by complex forms, bold ornamentation, and contrasting elements
tenebrism
dramatic use of intense darkness and light to heighten the impact of a painting
biombo
a folding screen
Portrait of the Yongle Emperor (by Yong-lo)
1403 - 1424 (Yongle Period)
Made w/ ink & color on scroll
Yongle, China
Hall of Supreme Harmony
1406 - 1420 (Yongle Period)
Made w/ paint & carved wood
Beijing, China
The Garden of the Inept Administrator (by Wang Zengchen)
1551 (Yongle Period)
Made w/ ink & paper
Suzhou, China
The Abduction of Helen from a set of the story of Troy
1625 (Yongle Period)
Made w/ cotton, silk, gold threads
China
Journey to Shu (Made by Qiu Ling)
1600 (Yongle Period)
Made w/ ink, pigment, silk
China
Vase in Meiping Shape with Daoist Immortal Zhongli Quan
Late 15th Century (Yongle Period)
Made w/ porcelain
Jingdezhen, China
Jug w/ Portuguese coat of arms
1520 - 1540 (Yongle Period)
Made w/ porcelain & cobalt blue
China
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