Paper 1 Families and Education

Socialisation

Learning norms and values

Culture

Shared way of life

Identity

How you see yourself

Hidden curriculum

Unofficial lessons (e.g. discipline)

Labelling

Teachers judging students

Setting/Streaming

Grouping by ability

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Label becomes true

Achievement gap

Differences in results

Material deprivation

Lack of money/resources

Cultural deprivation

Lack of skills/values for school

What is the Functionalist view on education

It creates social order + skills

What is the Marxist veiw on education

Education = inequality + capitalism

Nuclear family

Parents + Dependent children

Extended family

Family with Wider relatives

Single-parent family

One parent raising their children on their own.

Blended family

Family with a step Dad or Mum

Same-sex family

two parents of the same gender raise children together.

Primary socialisation

First learning in family

Instrumental role

Breadwinner (traditionally male)

Expressive role

Emotional care (traditionally female)

Cohabitation

Living together unmarried

Marriage rate

Number of marriages

Birth rate

Number of births

Patriarchy

Male dominance

Domestic division of labour

Housework split between members of a family.

Symmetrical family

Equal roles between parents

Functionalist veiw on Families

Families give society stability + support

Marxist veiw on families

Family supports capitalism

Feminist veiw on families

Family provides gender inequality

Durkheims view on education (Functionalst)

Education creates social solidarity + shared values

Talcott Parsons veiw on education (Functionalst)

School acts as a bridge between family & society

Karl Marx veiw on education (Marxist)

Education maintains class inequality

Bowles and Gintis veiw on education (Marxist)

School mirrors workplace (correspondence principle)

Howard Becker veiw on education (Functionalist)

Teachers label which affects achievement

Rosenthal and Jacobson veiw on education (Functionalist)

Expectations affect results

George Peter Murdock veiw on family (Functionalist)

Family has 4 functions: sexual, reproductive, economic, socialisation

Talcott Parsons view on families (functionalist)

provides Primary socialisation and clear division of labour:

Friedrich Engels view on families (Marxist)

Family keeps wealth in ruling class

Eli Zaretsky view on families (Marxist)

Family creates emotional support for workers

Ann Oakley veiw on families (Femenist)

Women do more unpaid labour

3–4 mark questions

• Point

• Explain it

• (Optional example)

12 mark structure

• Paragraph 1 (FOR)

  • Point + explain + example

• Paragraph 2 (AGAINST)

  • Counter argument + explain

• Paragraph 3 (FOR or AGAINST)

  • Another developed point

• Conclusion

  • Judgement (this is what gets top marks)