medical terminology- exam 1

Hemigastrectomy-

surgical removal of half the stomach

Gastroenteric-

pertaining to the stomach and intestines

prefix-

beginning of a word that changes the meaning of a term

root-

word or element that is the subject or main topic of a medical term; referring to a body part or anatomical location; MOST IMPORTANT

suffix-

placed at the end of a medical term to indicate what is wrong with the body part or what is being corrected

word terminals-

used to convey the figure of speech

incision-

cut into; a cut made into a tissue or organ

-centesis

surgical puncture

transection-

cutting across; division by cutting into sections

excision-

cutting out or surgical removal

excision of lesion-

surgical removal in which the tissue to be removed lies within a narrow area; contrasted with resection

les-

(ex: lesion- cysts, tumors, ulcers)

hurt or injure resulting in impairment or loss of function

local-

denotes a specific area of the body; not extensive

resection-

cut-back; excision of a considerable portion of an organ or structure; sometimes used to indicate an excision over a wider or deeper area

radical excision-

"root cutting out"; going to the root or source of lesion; complete removal or eradication

biopsy-

"seeing life" or "viewing life"; the excision of a bit of living tissue from the body for diagnostic examination

amputation-

-putate

- surgical cutting off of a limb; amphi- means two ways

- means clean, trim, or prune

disarticualtion-

the act of surgically disjointing; separation of the joints

injection-

the act of forcing or driving into some part of the body

ject-

throw

eject-

throw out

transfusion-

the act of pouring across or transferring; specifically to transfer blood, plasma, saline into a blood vessel, which is usually a vein

implantation-

insertion of a substance, organ, or piece of living tissue into the body

insertion-

the act of putting a device, wires, pins, or nails into the body or a body part

catheterization-

the insertion of a catheter for the introduction or withdrawal of fluid

intubation-

the insertion of a tube, usually for the passage or air or fluids

endoscopy-

"observe within"; the act of examining visually the inside of hollow organ of the body

repair-

to putback in good condition after damage; to restore; renew; set right

-plasty

repair

plas-

forming, growing, development

graft-

transplantation of a piece of skin, bone, or other living tissue from one body, or place on a body to another

-stomy

"making a mouth"; a surgical opening into a specified part or organ frequently for drainage

-anastomy

surgical joining of one hollow or tubular organ with another

-clasis

the act of breaking

fracture-

the surgical breaking of a bone to correct a deformity

-tripsy or -trity

the act of crushing

suture-

closure of a wound

-tasia or -tasis

the act of enlarging a passage or hollow organ by stretching

arter-

artery

arteriosclerosis-

a condition of the hardening of the arteries

appendectomy-

surgical removal of the appendix

thyro-

thyroid

parathyroid-

beside the thyroid

splenohepatomegaly-

enlargement of the liver and spleen

ovariocentesis-

medical procedure where the ovary is punctured

adreno-

adrenal gland

adrenalopathy-

any disease of the adrenal glands

basi-

base

basal-

pertaining near a base; fundamental

pelviotomy-

surgical cutting into or of the pelvis

urethrostenosis-

condition of narrowing the urethra

vena-

vein

sacro-

sacrum

pharyng-

pharynx

pharyngalgia-

pain in the pharynx

ureterolithology-

the surgical cutting into or incision into the ureter to remove a stone

laryngology-

study of the larynx

-itis

inflammation

-osis

any condition

-malacia

(think molasses)

soft

-megal

(think megaphone)

enlarge

-algia

(think algae)

pain

-oma

tumor

-plast

surgical repair

-path

disease

-ologist

specialist

-ology

the study of...

-penia

deficiency

-spasm

involuntary contraction

-oid

resemble

-scop

(think microscope)

observe

-gram

record

-otomy

cut into

-ostomy

create an opening

-ectomy

surgical removal

-lysis

loosened/ destruction

-rrhexis

rupture

-desis

binding

-trophy

development

-ptosis

falling

-dyn

pain

-rrhaphy

suture/ stitches

-emesis

vomiting

-ectasis

expansion

-esthesia

feeling

-pexy

suspension

-cele

hernia

-asthenia

weakness

-tope

place

-crine

to secrete

-plegia

paralysis

-rrhag

blood flow

-acusis

hearing

-rrhe

flow

-phil

attraction for

-ptysis

spitting

-stasis

stop/ standing

A- or An-

without, not

auto-

self

bi-

two