Parliamentary law making

The 2 philosophers behind separation of powers

Aristotle and Montesquieu

What are the 3 branches of separation of powers

Legestiave - make the laws

Executive - enforce the laws

Judicial - interpret the laws

Who proposed Parliamentary sovereignty

A.V dicey

What does parliamentary sovereignty state

No limits on law making power

No parliament can bind a future parliament

The courts are there to interpret the laws and apply them

Who proposed Rule of law

Aristotle and Plato

What was Aristotle’s reasoning behind the rule of Law

That laws should govern society not arbitrary decisions

What are the 3 branches of rule of law

No punishment without law

No man is above the law

Judiciary protects the rights of the citizens

What Act acknowledged the rule of Law

Constitutional reform Act 2005

What case illustrates no punishment without law

A v others v the home office (2004) where, foreign prisoners were being detained without a trial

What case illustrates no man above the law

CTB v Imogen Thomas and News Group Newspapers (2011), when an MP used privileged information to break an injunction on Ryan Giggs affair

What case illustrates Judicial decisions of the courts to protect the rights of citizens

Othman v The UK (2012), when it was found that he couldn’t be deported to Jordan as likely risk of torture so, it would break the ECHR

What are the types of Bills in the Uk and an associated case.

Public Bills - The juries Act 1974

Private Members - Murder(abolishment) of the death penalty bill 1965

Private - local authorities seeking the right to build a bridge

Hybrid - HS2

What are the first 5 stages for a bill becoming an Act in England

Green paper & White paper - consultation stage

First reading - Name of the bill + date for 2nd reading

2nd Reading - vote on the bill

Committee stage - Scrutinised and amendments suggested

Report stage - the committee reports back to HOC and they vote on any suggested changes

What are the Last 3 stages for a bill becoming an Act in England

3rd reading- Final read through & final vote

SNT - sent to the HOL, repeat process , any changes gets sent back to HOC

Royal Ascent - The monarch approves the bill

What acts created the Welsh government

Government of Wales Act 1998 and 2006

Types of Bills in Wales

Government Bills - introduced by the welsh government

Member bills = Private member bills

Committee bills - bills introduced by Senned committees

Commision Bills - Bills proposed for administrative purposes

How is bill made in Wales

General principles - referred to a committee and then debated in the Senedd

Committee stage - introduces, debates and votes on amendments

Plenary consideration - the bill is presented to the senedd who can introduce and vote on amendments

Final vote

Royal ascendant

Examples of Welsh Acts

Public Health Act (Wales) 2017

What Act established the law commission

The Law commision Act 196

What is the role of the Law commission

Codify, consolidate, create and repeal laws

An example of an Act brought in by the Law commision

Consumer rights Act 2015

What does the Law commision Act 2009 do

Compels the Government to explain why they didn’t introduce the Act

What are Pressure groups strategies

Raising awareness, Lobbying, Public opinion and advocacy, Strategic litigation, Expertise and research

2 types of pressure groups

Interest and cause

Example of Interest group

BMA - Health Act 2006

Example of a cause group

Friends of the earth - House recycling Act 2003

Example of illegal action

Extinction rebellion - gluing themselves to infrastructure.