Schools of Thought

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Last updated 11:52 PM on 4/23/26
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11 Terms

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Structuralism

  • Tichener

  • Breaking down the mind into specific parts

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Functionalism

  • James

  • How mental processes help us adapt and survive

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Behavioral

  • Skinner, Pavlov

  • Psychology should study observable behavior

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Psychanalytic/Psychodynamic

  • Freud

  • Unconscious motives and desires

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Gestalt

  • Perls

  • Perception, information is organized into meaningful wholes

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Humanistic

  • Rogers, Maslow

  • Humans are inherently good and strive for growth

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Cognitive

  • Piaget, Ellis, Beck

  • Mental processes like memory, thinking, problem solving

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Evolutionary

  • Behaviors evolved because they helped ancestors survive

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Biological

  • Behavior is explained by brain structures, chemicals, genetics

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Sociocultural

  • Behavior is influenced by society, culture, relationships

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Biopsychosocial

  • Behavior is explained by biological, psychological, and social factors