CLINICAL PHARMACY IPS2 2025 (Course Exam)

Jonathan Roberts

The First Hospital Pharamcist

Carl Wilheim Scheele

A Swedish Pharmacist who discovered oxygen, chlorine, prussic acid, tartaric acid, tungsten, molybdenum, glycerin, nitro glycerin, and countless organic compounds.

Friedrich Adam Serturner

A German Pharmacist who discovered opium's chief narcotic principle: morphine

Theophrastus

The Father of Botany

Mithridates

The Royal Toxicologist

Galen

He invented pharmaceuticals that are prepared and compounded by mechanical means like the cold cream

Case Control

Study design wherein samples are chosen based on the presence or absence of the disease

Phase 2

Stage of clinical trials where proof of concept is indicated

Category D

Using ASHP classification of medication errors, an error that reached the patient and required monitoring is classified as

Type B ADR

Anaphylaxis

Patient Compliance

Type F ADR can occur as a result of the following except

Formulary Drug

A therapeutic agent whose place in therapy is well established

Respiratory Rate

Which of the following is not a subjective parameter

Commode

Healthcare supply described as portable toilet

Riboflavin

It is the most rapidly reduced vitamins

Reduced activity of diazepam

A smoker was prescribed with diazepam. What would happen if he continuously smokes while on drug therapy

Oxygen

The antiseptic property of hydrogen peroxide is due to

2.5 L/day

Starting dose of TPN per day

Osmotic diarrhea

Diarrhea caused by ingestion of magnesium hydroxide

Meperidine

DOC for pancreatitis related abdominal tenderness

Hypokalemia

When caring for a patient taking Hydrochlorothiazide, you should monitor for

Prazosin

First dose syncope normally reported with

Levodopa + Carbidopa

Sinemet

Parkinson's Disease

Sinemet is used for

Take before meal

Sinemet should be take

Avoid High Protein

What diet modification should be implemented for patients taking sinemet

Phenytoin

Most commonly used to treat digitalis - induced ventricular and supraventricular tachycardia

Hypertension

Most common cardiovascular disorder is

Tetracyclines

Fanconi Syndrome is associated with

Hypokalemia

Cardiac glycosides have a low margin of safety. Toxicity is more likely in the presence of?

Mannitol

Used for intracranial hypertension

All of the Above

Smoking contributes to the exacerbation of:

A. Asthma

B. Chronic Bronchitis

C. Emphysema

D. All of the aboves

MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration)

May be decrease in iron deficiency anemia

Lymphocytes

May have an increased value in vial infections

Thrombocytes

May have a decreased value in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Myopathy

Muscle weakness and muscle wasting

Tachypnea

Rapid rate of breathing

Dysphasia

An impairment of the language aspect of speech

I, II, III are correct

Parenteral nutrition may be administered via

I. Peripheral Route

II. Central Route

III. PICC

I and II are correct

The following are complications associated with parenteral nutrition

I. Line sepsis

II. Line occlusion

III. Maillard Reaction

III only is correct

Colonoscopy

I. Is an artificial opening between the colon and the skin

II. does not require sedation

III. requires the patient to perform bowel cleansing

I and II are correct

Commercially available concentrated electrolytes include

I. Potassium Chloride

II. Sodium Chloride

III. Magnesium Oxide

I is only correct

Type of incompatibility that may be classified as both physical and chemical

I. Precipitation

II. Hydrolysis

III. Polymorphism

III is only correct

D5NSS

I. Used in DM

II. Used in neuro patients

III. Isotonic

I, II, III are correct

May be used during palpation

I. Fingers

II. Palms

III. Back of hands

I, II, III are correct

Bulk forming agents

I. Psyllium

II. Polycarbophil

III. Methylcellulose

I only is correct

Drugs used for infection related diarrhea

I. Antibiotics

II. Loperamide

III. Codeine

I and II are correct

Which of the following is/are true regarding blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

I. End product of protein metabolism

II. Filtered completely by glomerulus

III. Produced by liver and kidney

I is only correct

Drugs that may cause plasma sodium electrolyte disturbances include

I. Prednisolone

II. Salbutamol

III. Propanolol

I, II, II are correct

Conditions that may give rise to muscular or joint pain include

I and II are correct

Creatine Clearance

I. Is an index used to measure glomerular filtration rate

II. Measurement involves a 24 hour urine collection

III. Monitoring requires 24 hour monitoring of plasma creatinine

I and II are correct

Epinephrine

I. is used in cardiac arrest

II. administration requires monitoring of blood pressure

III. results in a fall in blood pressure

II and III are correct

Methadone

I. requires multiple dosing in a day

II. is addictive

III. is an opioid agonist

I, II, III are correct

Patients receiving tamoxifen should be advised

I. that hot flushes may occur

II. that menstrual irregularities may occur

III. to report sudden breathlessness and any pain in the calf

I and II are correct

Parenteral sodium bicarbonate

I. raises blood ph

II. is indicated in metabolic acidosis

III. may be used in hypomagnesemia

I,II,III are correct

Phytomenadione

I. Is a lipid soluble analogue of Vitamin K

II. Promotes hepatic synthesis of active prothrombin

III. Is indicated in babies at birth to prevent Vitamin K deficiency bleeding

I, II, and III are correct

Enoxaparin

I. Cannot be used at the same dose as heparin

II. Thrombocytopenia may occur with its use

III. Agents that affect homeostasis

I, II, III are correct

Patients receiving oral isotretinoin should be advised

I. to avoid pregnancy

II. to avoid wax epilation during treatment

III. to use lip balm regularly

I and II are correct

Anti - infectives that are used in the triple therapy regimens to eradicate helicobacter pylori include

I. metronidazole

II. clarithromycin

III. ciprofloxacin

I, II, III are correct

Diabetic ketoacidosis

I. is associated with insulin deficiency

II. may be precipitated by a severe infection

III. causes retinopathy

II and III are correct

GD is a 72 year old female whose current medications are:

Aspirin 80 mg PO OD

Dipyridamole 100 mg PO TID

Timolol 0.5 % both eyes 2 drops BID

Lactulose 3.3 g/5 ml 20ml PO OD

I. cannot be used in combination with low dose aspirin

II. is used for prophylaxis of thromboembolism

III. may caused increased bleeding during or after surgery

III is only correct

GD is a 72 year old female whose current medications are:

Aspirin 80 mg PO OD

Dipyridamole 100 mg PO TID

Timolol 0.5 % both eyes 2 drops BID

Lactulose 3.3 g/5 ml 20ml PO OD

Lactulose:

I. Dose needs to be reviewed as the maximum adult daily dose is 5mL

II. Should not be used for more than 5 days

III. Used to maintain bowel evacuation

I only is correct

GD is a 72 year old female whose current medications are:

Aspirin 80 mg PO OD

Dipyridamole 100 mg PO TID

Timolol 0.5 % both eyes 2 drops BID

Lactulose 3.3 g/5 ml 20ml PO OD

I. Glaucoma

II. Diarrhea

III. Osteoporosis

I and II are correct

SP is a 64 year old patient who is admitted to hospital with tiredness, shortness of breath and ankle edema. She has a medical history of congestive heart failure. SP was intolerant to enalapril owing to the development of cough. Her medications upon admission are:

Spironolactone 12.5 mg PO OD

Losartan 25 mg PO OD

The therapeutic aims for SP are:

I. To control symptoms of heart failure

II. To control edema

III. To control diabetes

I and II are correct

SP is a 64 year old patient who is admitted to hospital with tiredness, shortness of breath and ankle edema. She has a medical history of congestive heart failure. SP was intolerant to enalapril owing to the development of cough. Her medications upon admission are:

Spironolactone 12.5 mg PO OD

Losartan 25 mg PO OD

I. Reduces symptoms and mortality

II. Dose may be increased to 25 mg daily

III. Is an aldosterone agonist

I and II are correct

SP is a 64 year old patient who is admitted to hospital with tiredness, shortness of breath and ankle edema. She has a medical history of congestive heart failure. SP was intolerant to enalapril owing to the development of cough. Her medications upon admission are:

Spironolactone 12.5 mg PO OD

Losartan 25 mg PO OD

Spironolactone treatment requires monitoring of:

I. Serum Creatinine

II. Serum Potassium

III. Thyroid Function

I, II, and III are correct

Losartan

I. Is an angiotensin - II Receptor antagonist

II. Exhibits a lower incidence of cough as a side effect compared to enalapril

III. Dose may be increased to 50 mg daily

II and III are correct

Digoxin is used in patients with heart failure

I. because it decreases myocardial intracecullar ionic calcium

II. when there is atrial fibriliation

III. because it exerts a positive inotropic effect

I and II are correct

Parameters to be monitored when digoxin therapy started:

I. Plasma Digoxin concentration

II. Plasma Potassium Measurement

III. Plasma Sodium Measurement

I, II, and III are correct

Symptoms that could occur due to promethazine overdose include:

I. Drowsiness

II. Headache

III. Blurred Vision

Antihistamine

Promethazine is an

A. Antidepressant

B. Antipsychotic

C. Antihistamine

D. Analgesic

E. Anxiolytic

Diazepam

A drug that can be used in alcohol withdrawal is

I and II are correct

MB is advised:

I. To report any muscle pain or weakness

II. To take simvastatin at night

III. To stop taking Atenolol

I, II, and III are correct

Side effect to be expected with simvastatin include:

I. headache

II. Nausea

III. Abdominal Pain

I and II are correct

Recommendations made to MB include

I. Follow moderate exercise

II. Adopt a low-fat diet

III. Take atenolol 2 hours before simvastatin

Herpes Zoster

The likely diagnosis for LB is:

I and II are correct

Patient should be advised

I. To take doses at regular intervals

II. To avoid exposure to sunlight

III. To wash hands thoroughly after drug administration

I, II, III are correct

LB is a 55 year old male patient who developed vesicles unilaterally around his waist. LB complained of a stabbing irritation in the area. LB is prescribed acyclovir 800 mg 5 times a day for 5 days

Side effects that must be expected include:

I. Headache

II. Nausea

III. Diarrhea

I and II are correct

Adjuvant Therapy that may be used for LB include

I. Calamine Lotion

II. Amitryptiline

III. Ergotamine

Benzylpenicillin

Penicillin G is:

3

Penicillin G is available at 600 mg vials. How many Vials are required for each dose.

II and III are correct

Penicillin G is:

I. is Bacteriostatic

II. is Bactericidal

III. Can be given IM

I only is correct

Gentamicin

I. Has a broad spectrum of activity

II. Is contraindicated in hepatic impairment

III. Therapy may be charged to oral administration when patient is stabilized

I, II, and III are correct

A possible reason for these symptoms is:

I. Allergy to gentamicin

II. Allergy to Penicillin

III. Development of heat rash

I,II, III are correct

Manifestation of bacterial endocarditis include:

I. Prolonged Fever

II. Embolic Phenomena

III. Renal Failure

Gout

May be due to excessive production of uric acid