Class 19: Racial Bias and Gender

Flashcards covering key concepts related to race, policing, and gender in criminology.

Balanced Approach

An analysis that incorporates both functionalist and conflict perspectives of crime.

Racial Profiling

The practice of targeting individuals for police attention based on their race rather than their behavior.

Overpolicing

The excessive policing of certain communities, particularly marginalized groups.

Socialization

The process through which individuals learn and adopt the behaviors and norms of their culture.

Victimization

The experience of being harmed or treated unjustly by others.

Masculinity Hypothesis (Cesare Lombroso)

The debunked theory that attributes criminal behavior primarily to male traits.

Chivalry Hypothesis (Otto Pollak)

The debunked idea that women receive leniency in the criminal justice system due to traditional male protectiveness.

Anomie Theory

Merton's theory that explains crime as a result of the inability to achieve cultural goals through acceptable means.

Gender Socialization

The process by which society influences individuals' perceptions of gender roles, leading to differing behaviors in crime.

Deviance

Behavior that deviates from the societal norms, which can impact rates of policing and criminal offending.