Latin Prose Composition Constructions

Purpose Clause (Basic)

ut + subjunctive, negative with ne. Sequence of tenses.

Purpose Clause (Style)

Send, Leave, or Choose + qui + subjunctive; ad + gerundive with gerundival attraction

Result Clause (Basic)

ut + subjunctive (perfect with realised actions), negative ut...non

to such an extent

adeo

so great

tantus

so many

tot

so often

totiens

so

tam

Indirect Command (Basic)

ut + subjunctive, usually imperfect, negative with ne

Indirect Command (Style)

iubeo, veto + infinitive

Indirect Statement (Basic)

accusative + infinitive, negative nego

Indirect Statement (Style)

promitto, minor, iuro, spero + future

Indirect Question (Basic)

interrogative + subjunctive, natural tense, future with sim/essem + future participle

Fearing (Basic)

ne + subjunctive, historic + imp., primary + present

thinking; judging; fearing

ratus; arbitratus; veritus

with this done; with this heard

quo facto; quo audito

To Inform

certiorem facere

To get done

curo + gerundive

Unknown Conditional (if this happened/is happening, that did/is)

Twice indicative, present or perfect

Open Conditional (if this happens, that will)

Twice indicative, future perfect or future

Impossible Conditional (If that had happened, that would have)

Twice Subjunctive, imperfect or pluperfect

Remote Conditional (If this were to happen, that would)

Twice by present subjunctive

approprinquo

+ dat

egeo

+ abl

impero

+ dat

praesum

+ dat

obviam eo

+ dat

faveo

+ dat

peritus

+ abl

oportet

+ acc

licet

+ dat

minor

+ dat

memini

+ gen

noceo

+ dat

odio sum

+ dat

potior

+ gen/abl

operam do

+ dat

parco

+ dat

obliviscor

+ gen

opus est

+ abl

careo

+ abl

resisto

+ dat

utor

+ abl

credo

+ dat

similis

+ dat

servio

+ dat

Romam

to Rome

Romae

at Rome

domi

at home

domum

to home/homewards

rus

to the countryside

ruri

in the countryside

melius

better (Adverb)

optime

best, very well (Adverb)

peius

worse (Adverb)

pessime

worst (Adverb)

plus

more

plurimum

most, very much

peior

worse (Adjective)

pessimus

worst (Adjective)

minor

smaller

minimus

very small

plurimi

very many

se

himself, herself, itself (Reflexive)

ipse, ipsa, ipsum

himself, herself, itself (Emphatic)

with (People)

cum + Ablative

with (inanimate objects/instrumental)

Ablative alone

Dick had a duck

With fur on its back

It's a fac(t)

Irregular Imperatives

erunt/-erint

Future Perfect

erant/-erant

Imperfect/Pluperfect

-erunt

Perfect

pervenio

ad + Acc.