Human muscles Posterior OIA, Human muscles upper body muscles anterior view

Occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12

Trapezium Origin

Clavicle, acromion process, and scapular spine

Trapezium Insertion

Extends and laterally flexes neck

Trapezium Action

Transverse processes of C1-C4

Levator Scapulae Origin

Superior angle of scapula

Levator Scapulae Insertion

Elevates, retracts, and rotates scapula; laterally flexes neck

Levator Scapulae Action

Spinous processes of T1-T4

Rhomboideus Major Origin

Medial border of scapula

Rhomboideus Major Insertion

Retrats, rotates, and fixes scapula

Rhomboideus Major Action

Spinous processes of C6-C7

Rhomboideus Minor Origin

Medial border of scapula

Rhomboideus Minor Insertion

Retrats, slightly elevates, rotates, and fixes scapula

Rhomboideus Minor Action

Fascia of deltoid and pectoralis major

Platysma Origin

Skin over inferior border of mandible

Platysma Insertion

Depresses lower lip; wrinkles skin of neck and upper chest; to express fear

Platysma Action

Manubrium and medial clavicle

Sternocleidomastoid Origin

Mastoid process and superior nuchal line

Sternocleidomastoid Insertion

One contracting alone: laterally flexes head to same side and rotates head and neck to opposite side. Both contracting together: flex neck

Sternocleidomastoid Action

Spinous processes of T7-L5; sacrum and iliac crest; inferior angle of scapula in some people

Latissimus Dorsi Origin

Medial crest of intertubercular groove

Latissimus Dorsi Insertion

Adducts and medially rotates arm; extends shoulder

Latissimus Dorsi Action

Supraspinous fossa

Supraspinatus Origin

Greater tubercle of humerus

Supraspinatus Insertion

Abducts arm; holds head of humerus in place

Supraspinatus Action

Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Infraspinatus Origin

Greater tubercle of humerus

Infraspinatus Insertion

laterally rotates arm; holds head of humerus in place

Infraspinatus Action

Subscapular fossa

Subscapularis Origin

Lesser tubercle of humerus

Subscapularis Insertion

Medially rotates arm; holds head of humerus in place

Subscapularis Action

inferior angle of scapula

Teres Major Origin

Medial crest of intertubercular groove

Teres Major Insertion

Extends shoulder; adducts and medially rotates arm

Teres Major Action

Lateral border of scapula

Teres Minor Origin

Greater tubercle of humerus

Teres Minor Insertion

Laterally rotates and adducts arm; holds head of humerus in place

Teres Minor Action

Clavicle, acromion process, and scapular spine

deltoid origin

Deltoid Tuberosity

Deltoid Insertion

Flexes and extends shoulder; abducts and medially and laterally rotates arm

Deltoid Function

Clavicle, Sternum, superior six costal cartilages, and abdominal aponeurosis

Pectoralis Major Origin

Lateral crest of intertubercular groove

Pectoralis Major Insertion

Flexes shoulder; adducts and medially rotates arm; extends shoulder from flexed position

Pectoralis Major Function

Third to fifth ribs

Pectoralis Minor Origin

coracoid process of scapula

Pectoralis Minor Insertion

Depresses scapula or elevates ribs

Pectoralis Minor Function

manubrium and medial clavicle

Sternocleidomastoid Origin

mastoid process and superior nuchal line

sternocleidomastoid insertion

rotates and flexes head and neck

sternocleidomastoid function

occipital bone

Occipitofrontalis Origin

skin of eyebrow and nose

Occipitofrontalis insertion

Moves scalp; elevates eyebrows; wrinkles forehead

Occipitofrontalis function

Temporal fossa

Temporalis origin

Anterior portion of mandibular ramus and coronoid process

Temporalis insertion

elevates and retracts mandible and involved in excursion

Temporalis Function

Maxilla and frontal bones

Orbicularis Oculi Origin

Circles orbit and inserts near origin

Orbicularis Oculi Insertion

closes eyes (winking, blinking, squinting)

Orbicularis Oculi function

nasal septum, mandible, and maxilla

Orbicularis Oris Origin

fascia and other muscles of lips

Orbicularis Oris Insertion

closes and purses lips

Orbicularis Oris Function

ribs 1-8

Serratus Anterior Origin

Medial border of scapula

Serratus Anterior Insertion

rotates and protracts scapula; elevates ribs

Serratus Anterior Function

long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

short head: coracoid process of scapula

Biceps Brachii Origin

radial tuberosity and aponeurosis of biceps brachii

Biceps Brachii Insertion

flexes shoulder and elbow; supinates forearm and hand

Biceps Brachii Function

anterior surface of humerus

Brachialis Origin

coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity

Brachialis Insertion

flexes elbow

Brachialis Function

Long head: infraglenoid tubercle on lateral border of scapula

Lateral head: lateral and posterior surface of humerus

Medial head: posterior humerus

Triceps Brachii Origin

olecranon process of ulna

Triceps Brachii Insertion

extends elbow; extends shoulder and adducts arm

Triceps Brachii Function

pubic crest and symphysis pubis

Rectus Abdominis Origin

xiphoid process and inferior ribs

Rectus Abdominis Insertion

Flexes vertebral column and compresses abdominal wall

Rectus Abdominis Function

5-12 ribs

External Oblique Origin

iliac crest, inguinal ligament, and rectus sheath

External Oblique Insertion

Flexes and rotates vertebral column; compresses abdominal wall; depresses thorax

External Oblique Function

iliac crest, inguinal ligament, lumbar fascia

Internal Oblique Origin

10-12 ribs and rectus sheath

Internal Oblique Insertion

flexes and rotates vertebral column; compresses abdominal wall; depresses thorax

Internal Oblique Function

7-12 costal cartilages, lumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inguinal ligament

Transverse Abdominis Origin

Xiphoid process, linea alba, and pubic tubercle

Transverse Abdominis Insertion

compresses abdominal wall

Transverse Abdominis Function

lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Origin

base of second metacarpal bone

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Insertion

extends and abducts wrist

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Function

lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

Brachioradialis Origin

Styloid process of radius

Brachioradialis Insertion

Flexes elbow

Brachioradialis Function

medial epicondyle of humerus

Palmaris Longus Origin

palmar fascia

Palmaris Longus Insertion

tenses palmar fascia and flexes wrist

Palmaris Longus Function

Flexor Retinaculum

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Extensor Retinaculum

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medial epicondyle of humerus

Flexor Carpi Radialis Origin

base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

Flexor Carpi Radialis Insertion

flexes and abducts wrist

Flexor Carpi Radialis Function

medial epicondyle of humerus and ulna

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Origin

pisiform, hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Insertion