AP Psych Unit 0

Biological Perspective (pinky)

Body’s physical structures and chemical influence. Ex: hormones, genetics, neurotransmitters

Behavioral Perspective (middle finger)

how environment shapes behavior through learning

Cognitive Perspective (index finger)

Focuses on how we think, process info, solve problems. Ex: attention, memory

Evolutionary Perspective (wrist)

Focuses on how natural selection shaped our behaviors and mental processes

Humanistic Perspective (ring finger)

personal growth, free will, full potential

Psychodynamic Perspective (thumb)

unconscious thoughts, feelings, early childhood affect current behavior

Sociocultural Perspective (palm)

social interactions, culture, and environment influence behavior and mental processes. Ex: group dynamics, societal norms

confirmation bias

seek out info that aligns with PERSONAL pov while dismissing others

hindsight bias

“i knew it all along” To think one could have anticipated outcome of event after it had occurred

overconfidence bias

overestimate knowledge of being correct or doing tasks

experimental

assign groups and manipulate variable

population

entire group that research is studying

sample

selected group of individuals in a population selected to represent population

convenience sampling

based on ease of access (teacher uses students for sampling)

generalizability

extent to which results of study can be applied to broader population

experimental group

receives treatment and exposed to IV

control group

serves as baseline for comparison. receives no IV

random selection

participants randomly selected to be part of a study

placebo effect

fake treatments with no real effect. experience changes because they believe they are getting some sort of treatment

single blid procedure

participants don’t know if they are control or experimental group, but researcher knows

double blind study

participants and researchers both dont know who is in which group

social desirability bias

participants to respond in ways that are socially responsible rather than honesty

peer review

other experts in field evaluate study’s methods, results, before publishing

replication

other researchers repeat study to get same result to find validity of findings

third variable problem

part of correlational studies. it causes the correlational relationship between the 2 variable studies

standard deviation

how spread out values in data set are from the mean. small STDEV means data points are clustered around mean. higher means more spread out to mean

positive skewed

tail on the right. mean is pulled to the right, greater than median

negative skewed

tail is on the left, mean is lower than the median

regression toward mean

extreme scores tend to followed by scores closer to the mean