Lead Ammunition

Hunter Education Background

Gun hunters can choose to use guns with lead ammo; however, lead-contaminated game meat is ingested by wildlife, esp. scavengers like bald eagles; eaten by friends and family; and donated to food banks (Arnemo et al. 2016)

• Empirical studies show that lead ammo is a major source of mortality for bald eagles. May die or become incapacitated, unable to fly or feed themselves, after ingesting lead‐tainted prey (Hanley et al. 2022, Slabe et al. 2022).

• Similarly, lead is not safe at any level for humans, especially damaging for children and pregnant women

What are two key reasons why hunter education instructors have not switched from lead to nonlead ammunition, e.g., psychological, economic, institutional, and socio-cultural reasons?

Price: Hunter education instructors continue to use lead instead of nonlead because alternatives are considered to be too expensive and much less available. Manufacturers unwilling to produce more nonlead ammo without strong incentives

Socio-cultural: Lead has significant socio-cultural meaning for hunters, their families, and communities. Change can be perceived as a threat to hunting lifestyle and values

What is trust?

Trust is a psychological state comprising the intention to accept vulnerability based upon positive expectations of the intentions or behavior of another

What is meant by the ‘antecedents’ and ‘consequences’ of trust? Provide examples to illustrate your understanding.

Need to add examples

Antecedents: Something that comes before trust, e.g., benevolence, integrity, competence

Consequences: Something that follows trust, e.g., beliefs or behavior

What is the primary function of trusting a CESH messenger?

What are some key differences between the two main types of trust:

(1) social trust and (2) competence?

Provide examples of events that are commonly believed to have eroded public trust in (1) industry, (2) governments, and (3) scientists.

What critical distinction does Onora O’Neill make between trust and trustworthiness?