lec 18 - cognitive control: decision making, set shifting, inhibition, and intelligence

What are task sets

actively maintained set of cognitive processes needed for a task

What is set-shifting (the process of…)

the process of selecting between two competing task sets

Brain areas involved in spatial task sets

dorsolateral PFC and parietal lobe (anterior PFC may help select appropriate task set)

Brain areas involved in verbal task sets

ventrolateral PFC and temporal lobe (anterior PFC may help select appropriate task set)

Decisions are made by these steps

accumulation of sensory and other evidence, transformation of evidence into a “decision variable”, comparison of decision variable to decision criterion, make choice

What is inhibition and what can result from it not working (inhibition is…, if it doesn’t work then…)

Inhibition is cancellation or overriding of mental process or planned action, if doesn't work then act on impulse or compulsion

Brain areas involved in inhibition

Right inferior frontal cortex and basal ganglia (hyperdirect pathway)

Hyperdirect pathway

subthalamic nucleus activates GP internal segment which reduces thalamic activity and leads to response inhibition

What two factors is ‘g’ composed of (full name is composed of _ which is _ and _ which is _)

general intelligence is composed of crystallized intelligence gC which is acquired knowledge and fluid intelligence gF which is independent of acquired knowledge

Brain areas involved in fluid intelligence

network of frontal and parietal areas