bio test Wednesday

Mechanical digestion

Breaks food down in to smaller pieces to reduce surface area

Chemical digestion

Breaks macromolecules into monomers

Absorption

When monomers are taken in to the cell to be used

Salivary amylase

It's a enzyme found in saliva and breaks poly sacs into disacs

Hydrochloric acid

Causes a low ph in the stomach

Mucas

Lubricates food breaks poly sacs into disacs

Bile

Emulsifies fats

Bicarbonate ion

Raises pH to make chyme not so acidic

Ileocecal valve

Carries chyme to large intestine

Cardiac sphincter

Prevents food from entering esophagus

Peristalsis

Smooth muscle of esophagus contract in a wave motion to push bolus to stomach

Gallbladder

Stores bile and releases bile in to small intestine

Liver

Secrets bile into gall bladder

Small intestine

Filled with chyme, bile, pancreatic fluid, helps complete chem

Bolus

Mass of chewed food pushed to the back of the mouth

Chyme

Mixture of bolus and digestive juices and helps protein digestion

Mastication

Chewing food, reduces surface area for enzymes

Tongue

Helps move food around mouth and under the teeth, and pushes bolus to back of the mouth to pharynx

Epiglottitis

Covers opening of trachea when you swallow preventing you from choking

Esophagus

Moves bolus to esophagus from phranyx

Trechea

The windpipe that carries air to lungs and contains cartilage to stay open

Lipase

Breaks fats into fatty acid and glycerol

Peptidase

Breaks proteins into amino acids

Pancreatic amylase

Breaks disacs into monomers

Saliva

Softens food for chewing and swallowing

Small intestine #2

Completes the chemical digestion of carbs lipids and proteins

Large intestine

Filled with chyme, removes water, feces gets created, minerals and vitamins are absorbed