Laboratory 13: Cardiovascular (Upper, Lower, and Fetal)

arteries of the upper limb

subclavian, axillary, brachial, radial, ulnar, palmar arches

subclavian arteries

before 1st rib

axillary arteries

between first rib and the surgicial neck of humerus

pec and deltoid

brachial arteries

after surgical neck of humerus

supplies anterior arm muscles

deep brachial arteries

supplies tricep

radial arteries

supplying muscles of the lateral anterior forearm, the lateral part of the wrist, and the thumb and index finger

ulnar arteries

...

superficial palmar arch

superficial

common palmar digital artery

superficial

deep palmar arch

deep

palmar metacarpal artery

deep

proper palmar digital artery

same for superficial and deep

Veins of the Upper Limbs

subclavian, axillary, brachial, radial, ulnar, palmar arches

digital veins

superficial and deep

deep palmar veins

deep

deep palmar venous arch

deep

radial veins

deep

ulnar veins

deep

superficial palmar veins

superficial

superficial palmar venous arch

superficial

cephalic veins

Superficial. dumps into the axillary vein

basilic veins

Superficial. dumps into the brachial vein

median cubital veins

Superficial. horizontal between cephalic vein and basilic vein

brachial veins

after surgical neck of humerus

axillary veins

between first rib and surgical neck of humerus

subclavian veins

before 1st rib

internal jugular vein

...

Arteries of the Thorax

Aorta, ascending aorta, coronary arteries (see above), aortic arch, brachiocephalic artery, rt common carotid artery, rt subclavian artery, left. common carotid artery, left. subclavian artery,ligamentum arteriosum, descending aorta, thoracic aorta, posterior intercostal arteries,

ascending aorta

...

aortic arch

...

brachiocephalic artery

...

right subclavian artery

branched off of the brachiocephalic

right common carotid artery

branches off brachiocephalic artery

supplies blood to right side of head and neck

left common carotid artery

supplies left side of head and neck

left subclavian artery

supplies blood to the left arm

descending aorta

Before T5

thoracic aorta

After T5

left posterior intercostal arteries

branches off the thoracic aorta

right posterior intercostal arteries

brances off the thoracic aorta

left posterior intercostal veins

...

hemiazygous vein

smaller, to left of vertebral column. can't see on cadaver

right posterior intercostal veins

branching off vertebrae

azygous vein

running along vertebrae

left brachiocephalic vein

...

Right brachiocephalic vein

...

superior vena cava

...

ascending aorta

...

brachiocephalic artery

...

subclavian artery

goes to right/left arm

vertebral artery

comes off the subclavian artery

common carotid artery

comes off brachiocephalic artery

carotid sinus

where common carotid branches into external and internal carotid artery

internal carotid artery

bigger. branches off the common carotid.

supply the orbits and most of the cerebrum

external carotid artery

smaller. branches off the common carotid.

supply most tissues of the head external to the brain and orbit

facial artery

branches off external carotid artery

skin and muscles of the anterior face

vascular anastomoses

where vessels unite or interconnect

Arterial anastomoses provide alternate pathways for blood to reach a given body region or structure

Ex: Circle of Willis

Circle of Willis

A circle of arteries at the base of the brain that supply blood to the brain

left vertebral artery and right vertebral artery

supply the brain

basilar artery

...

left posterior cerebral artery and right posterior cerebral artery

supply the occipital lobes plus the inferior and medial parts of the temporal lobes of the cerebral hemispheres

left and right posterior communicating artery

...

right and left internal carotid artery

...

right and left anterior cerebral artery

...

anterior communicating artery

supplies the medial and superior surfaces of the frontal and parietal lobes

superior saggital sinus

right and left internal jugular vein go to dural sinus

internal jugular vein

...

facial vein

dump into internal jugular vein

vertebral vein

runs on top of internal jugular vein

external jugular vein

...

subclavian vein

...

brachiocephalic vein

after internal jugular vein joins with subclavian

superior vena cava

...

Abdominal aorta

continuation of the thoracic aorta that runs through the abdominal cavity

celiac artery (trunk)

stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, and a part of the small intestine (duodenum)

common hepatic artery

Supplies the liver

right gastric artery

supplies the right side of the lesser curvature of the stomach

gastroduodenal artery

supplied the greater curvature of stomach and duodenum

left gastric artery

supplies the left side of lesser curvature of stomach

splenic artery

supplies the spleen

superior mesenteric artery

supplies the jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, and proximal half of the transverse colon

suprarenal arteries

supply the adrenal glands

renal arteries

supplies kidneys

gonadal arteries (testicular or ovarian)

supply testicles or ovaries

lumbar arteries (4 pair)

supply posterior abdominal wall

inferior mesenteric artery

distal half of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum

median sacral artery

supplies sacrum and coccyx

common iliac arteries

...

internal iliac arteries

pelvis walls and pelvic viscera

external iliac arteries

supplies lower limbs

external iliac veins

...

internal iliac veins

...

common iliac veins

...

median sacral vein

...

lumbar veins (4 pairs)

...

gonadal vein (testicular or ovarian)

dumps directly into inferior vena cava

rt renal vein

dumps directly into inferior vena cava

rt suprarenal vein

dumps directly into inferior vena cava

lt. gonadal vein (testicular or ovarian)

dumps into left renal vein

lt suprarenal vein

dumps into left renal vein

lt. renal vein

dumps into inferior vena cava