Chapter III

γαῖα, γαίας, ἡ

earth; land

γῆ, γῆς, ἡ

earth; land

ξένος, ξένου, ὁ

host, guest, guest-friend; stranger, foreigner

οὐρανός, οὐρανοῦ, ὁ

sky, heaven

πόνος, πόνου, ὁ

labor, toil; distress, suffering

σύμμαχος, συμμάχου, ὁ

ally

ἄρχω, ἄρξω, ἦρξα, ἦρχα, ἦργμαι, ἤρχθην

rule (+ gen.); middle, begin (+ gen.)

διδάσκω, διδάξω, ἐδίδαξα, δεδίδαχα, δεδίδαγμαι, ἐδιδάχθην

teach; explain; middle, cause (someone) to be taught

ἐθέλω/θέλω, ἐθελήσω, ἠθέλησα, ἠθέληκα, ——, ——

be willing, wish

λέγω, λέξω, ἔλεξα/εἶπον, ——, λέλεγμαι, ἐλέχθην

say; speak (of), tell (of), recount

μέλλω, μελλήσω, ἐμέλλησα, ——, ——, ——

intend, be about, be likely (+ inf.)

παύω, παύσω, ἔπαυσα, πέπαυκα, πέπαυμαι, ἐπαύθην

stop (trans.); middle, stop (intrans.), cease

πείθω, πείσω, ἔπεισα, πέπεικα, πέπεισμαι, ἐπείσθην

persuade; middle, obey; heed; believe (+ dat.)

πέμπω, πέμψω, ἔπεμψα, πέπομφα, πέπεμμαι, ἐπέμφθην

send

αἰσχρός, αἰσχρά, αἰσχρόν

disgraceful, shameful; ugly

κοινός, κοινή, κοινόν

common (to), shared (with); (+ gen. or dat.) public

ἆρα (interrog. particle)

introduces a question

γάρ (postpositive conj.)

explanatory, for confirming, indeed, in fact

δέ (postpositive conj.)

adversative, but

connective, and

εὖ (adv.)

well

μέν (postpositive particle)

μέν . . . δέ . . .

on the one hand;

on the one hand . . . , on the other hand . . . ; . . . , but . . .

νῦν (adv.)

now

πολλάκις (adv.)

many times, often

πότε (interrog. adv.)

when

πρός (prep. + gen.)
  (prep. + dat.)
  (prep. + acc.)

from; by; in the name of

near; in addition to

toward; against; in reply to, in the face of, in relation to

πῶς (interrog. adv.)

how

ὑπό (prep. + gen.)
  (prep. + dat.)
  (prep. + acc.)

(from) under; by; at the hands of

under; under the power of

under; during