Bio Final

Why is mitotic cell division important?

It replaces old/worn out cells, it is how cells are grown in the lab, it helps with growth and deveolpment

What are the products of meiosis?

Sperm and egg cells

Which cell types frequently divide and replace old, worn out cells?

Intestinal lining cells

During early development, all cells in the embryo of a multicellular organism are identical. Later on in development, the cells will become specialized through a process called..

differentiation

Which cell cycle phases includes growth and DNA replication

Interphase

What is cancer?

Out-of-control cell division

Which cancer treatment uses chemicals, often injected into the bloodstream, to kill cancer cells?

Chemotherapy

What is a risk factor for cancer

Drinking alcohol

Which protein is a tumor suppressor, and often mutated in cancerous cells?

p53

each gamete (sperm and egg) typically has…

one of each chromosome

By adulthood, humans have ____ of cells

trillions

In prokaryotes, DNA….

Floats freely in the cytoplasm

The human haploid number is 23, so its diploid number is….

46

What stores information in a cell?

DNA

What happens when there is an extra chromosome 21 in the cells of a human?

Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) results

Approximately what percentage of human sperm cells carry a Y chromosome?

50%

Colorblindness is more common condition in males than in females because the allele for colorblindness is…

recessive and location on the X chromosome

How is genetic variance created in an organism?

Mistakes by DNA polymerase during DNA replication, Mutations from environmental exposures, crossing-over during meiosis

Which type of diagram can help predict the traits of offspring based on the genetics of the parents?

Punnett Squares

GMO crops that produce a higher yield per plant than unmodified crops would…

produce more food per area of land

A polygenic trait, such as human skin color, can have…

Many possible genotypes, producing many possible phenotype