Social Studies Study Guide

How did Shay’s Rebellion demonstrate the need for a stronger federal government?

It showed that a strong federal government was needed to stop rebellions and to restore issues within the federal body.

Define the Articles of Confederation.

The Articles of Confederation were a weak governing document that led to failures in trade control, tax collection, and military funding.

What were some weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

Congress had one house, each state had one vote, 9/13 states were needed to pass a law, all 13 were needed to amend the Articles, there was no executive branch, and states were responsible for creating money.

When and where did the Constitutional Convention take place?

It took place on May 25, 1787, at the Pennsylvania State House in Philadelphia.

Who is known as the Father of the Constitution?

James Madison.

What were the rules of the Constitutional Convention?

There was a vow of secrecy and George Washington was elected as the presiding officer.

Describe the Virginia Plan.

It proposed a strong national government with 3 branches (legislative, executive, judicial) and a 2-house legislature based on population.

What was the Great Compromise?

Proposed by Roger Sherman, it established a two-house legislature with equal representation in the Senate and representation based on population in the House of Representatives.

What was the Three-Fifths Compromise?

It determined that slaves would be counted as three-fifths of a person for representation purposes, helping to maintain unity in the nation.

What is Ratification?

It is the formal approval of an agreement, requiring the consent of at least 9 out of the 13 states.

What are the beliefs of Federalists?

They supported a strong federal government, defended the new Constitution, and believed a strong government was necessary to prevent tyranny.

What are the beliefs of Anti-Federalists?

They were against the Constitution, believed it concentrated too much power in the federal government, and felt that citizens’ rights needed protections in a Bill of Rights.

What are the Federalist Papers?

They are a series of 85 essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay in favor of the new government plan.

What is the main purpose of the President according to the Oath?

To serve the people by preserving, protecting, and defending the Constitution.

How many amendments did Congress accept and how many became part of the Bill of Rights?

Congress accepted twelve amendments, but only ten were ratified to become part of the Bill of Rights.