intersectionality: bell hooks

concept 1: interconnected oppression

• Bell Hooks focuses on the airbrushing of the black female experience and now this stemms from oppression they faced as slaves

• black women were not seen as delicate and fragile; instead, there were rather different stereotyped of the “mammy” figure

• enslaved black women often endured rape and assault from white men-hooks argues that the wives of the plantationowners ecouraged the mistreatment of the black women

• black women tried to combat these stereotypes in 50s by constructing outlooks that mirrored conservative feminist ideals but were often alienated by these groups

• feminists may have felt they were representing women everywhere but there ignorance of the black american experience mesnt that their ideals were not always inclusive

concept 2: intersectionality as a political tool

• Hooks believed this is a result of living in a world dominated by mddle-class straight white men

• intersectionality feminist media products don’t just include postive representations of marginalised groups, they draw attention to the impact of this oppression

• hiughlighting white male privilege of economic oppression

Negative stereotypes og black women in media texts

jezebel: oversexualised representation; hooks argues this stereotype has been internalised by Black women themselves due to its prominance in hip-hop music

aunt jemima: association with domestic service stems from previous roles as slaves. overweight,not sexualised and loyal servants

sapphires: a comedic representation- the angry black women

intersectional media

media products that deliberatley include orallude to an intersectional point of view point

intersectionality

exploration of oppression as having an interconnected or underlying set of courses

otherness

hooks suggest that those who are not white or male are “others” and, as such are subject to the various oppressive practices of white masculinity