N205206 Pediatric Nursing Exam 4 Practice Flashcards

This set of flashcards covers critical pediatric nursing concepts including cardiovascular defects, renal disorders, oncology precautions, and emergency dehydration management based on the N205206 Exam 4 curriculum.

When providing home care for the family of an $8$-year-old boy dying of leukemia, which action is most supportive to the parents?

Being patient with parental indecision.

What intervention is most important for helping a special-needs infant reach her maximum developmental potential?

Directing her parents to an early intervention program.

Which assessment finding is expected during a physical examination of a child with a ventricular septal defect?

A harsh murmur along the left sternal border.

What are the anticipated nursing interventions for a $3$-year-old child diagnosed with Nephrotic Syndrome?

Fluid restriction, daily weights, administration of diuretics, and administration of corticosteroids.

If a child vomits a dose of a new antibiotic after $15$ minutes, what is the nurse's next step?

Assess for potential risk factors of the antibiotic administration.

Which medication is typically ordered by a pediatrician for the closure of a patent ductus arteriosus in a newborn?

Indomethacin

Which assessment finding specifically points toward a diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever?

Sydenham chorea

In a child with a suspected cardiovascular disorder, which finding is highly suspicious of transposition of the great vessels?

Significant cyanosis without presence of a murmur.

What discharge instruction for a $12$-year-old with idiopathic thrombocytopenia (ITP) indicates a need for further teaching?

"He can resume participation in football in $2$ weeks."

What are the most serious potential complications for a child with Kawasaki disease (KD)?

Aneurysms, dilation of the coronary arteries, stenosis of the coronary arteries, and ventricular dysfunction.

When evaluating an $8$-month-old infant's hemogram, which value requires additional follow-up?

Hemoglobin $8\,\text{g/dL}$

What is the highest priority intervention for a child admitted for a sickle-cell crisis with moderate to severe pain?

Initiate pain assessment with an age-appropriate standardized pain scale.

What post-procedure instruction is correct for a child being discharged after a cardiac catheterization?

The child should avoid taking a bath for about $3\,\text{days}$ but can shower.

Which nursing diagnosis is specifically related to radiation therapy in a $5$-year-old undergoing treatment for neuroblastoma?

Impaired skin integrity related to desquamation from cellular destruction.

What is the most important precaution for a nurse to take during a physical examination of a child with suspected Wilms tumor?

Avoid palpation of the abdomen.

What is an appropriate nursing action for the plan of care of a child who has undergone surgery for a brain tumor?

Positioning the child on his unaffected side.

Which interventions help decrease cardiac demands in an infant with congestive heart failure (CHF)?

Administering diuretics and digitalis as ordered, maintaining a semi-fowler's position, and limiting disturbing interventions.

What are the four clinical defects involved in Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)?

Pulmonic stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, ventricular septal defect (VSD), and overriding aorta.

What are common assessment findings in a child with neuroblastoma?

A mass in the abdomen, vomiting, and not eating well.

Which statement is true regarding the risk of secondary cancers in pediatric survivors?

Children surviving one cancer are at higher risk for a second cancer.

In a stable child who "feels strange" after switching lunches with a friend, which assessment question should be asked first?

"Does your throat itch?"

What are examples of acquired heart disease in children?

Rheumatic fever (RF), cardiomyopathy, infective endocarditis, hypertension, and Kawasaki disease (KD).

Which medication is expected to be administered to a child experiencing an anaphylactic reaction with bronchospasm?

Albuterol

Which findings are typical in the health history of a child with Nephrotic Syndrome?

Massive proteinuria, periorbital edema upon waking, and recent weight gain.

What is the immediate nursing action for a child with Tetralogy of Fallot having a cyanotic spell (blue color and increased respiratory rate)?

Place the child in a knee-to-chest position.

What education should be provided to a $16$-year-old female for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs)?

Void after sex, wear cotton underwear, avoid bubble baths, wipe front to back, and drink plenty of liquids.

What is the most likely nursing assessment finding in a $2$-day-old infant with aortic stenosis?

Systolic heart murmur

In the pediatric ICU, which aspect of care is easiest for family members to evaluate and most important for consumer satisfaction?

The relationship with the nurse and other staff.

Children born with Down syndrome should be evaluated for which associated cardiac manifestation?

Congenital heart disease

A review of laboratory results for a child with hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) would typically reveal what?

Decreased platelets and leukocytosis.

How are the stools of a child with intussusception typically described?

Currant jelly-like

Why is erythropoietin administered to a child with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)?

To stimulate red blood cell growth.

Why is it critical to prevent an infant from crying after a cleft lip repair?

Crying stresses the sutures.

How long must a child with celiac disease comply with a gluten-free diet?

Throughout life.

What is an appropriate nursing intervention for a $12$-month-old hospitalized with dehydration from rotavirus?

Maintain the intravenous fluid rate as ordered.

What indicates parents understand how to administer iron supplements to a $12$-month-old with iron deficiency anemia?

They brush the child's teeth after administering the iron supplements.

Which clinical finding in a child with abdominal pain and vomiting should be prioritized for immediate reporting to a physician?

Rebound tenderness and abdominal guarding.

Which condition is suspected in an $8$-year-old with abdominal pain, dark urine, and periorbital edema who had strep throat $9$ days ago?

Acute glomerulonephritis

Calculate the volume to administer: Diphenhydramine $25\,\text{mg}$ is ordered; available elixir is $12.5\,\text{mg}/5\,\text{mL}$.

$$10\,\text{mL}$$

What are three assessment findings requiring immediate follow-up in a $2$-year-old with a $2$-day history of vomiting and diarrhea?

Mental status (lethargy/irritability), tear characteristics (scarcity), and urine output (absence of wet diapers).