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Element
A substance that contains only one type of atom
Compound
A substance containing 2 or more types of atom chemically combined in a fixed proportion
What is a mixture
Contains 2 or more substances thag are not chemically combined
Crude oil
A mixture of hydrocarbons made from ancient biomass that was buried in mud
Hydrocarbon
Compound containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms
How many electrons are in carbons outer shell and how many bonds can it make
4 electrons in its outer shell
So can therefore form 4 bonds
How many electrons in hydrogen outer shell and how many bonds can it form
1 electron in outer shell
So can therefore form 1 bond
What type of resource is crude oil
Finite as if we continue using it then crude oil will one day run out
When / How is crude oil formed
Formed over millions of years ago from the remains of tiny sea creatures called plankton which were buried in mud
What type of bonds are found in hydrocarbons
Covalent
2 main types of hydrocarbons
Alkanes
Alkenes
How to seperate the substances in crude oil
Physical methods including distillation
What is a fraction
A mixture of hydrocarbons with similair properties
Properties of short chain hydrocarbons
Low boiling point
Not viscous
Flammable
Volatile
Properties of long chain hydrocarbons
High boiling point
Viscous
Not flammable
Not volatile