Global History: French Revolution to WWII Flashcards

Vocabulary-style flashcards derived from lecture notes covering the French Revolution, the Industrial Revolution, Imperialism, and World Wars I and II.

Storming of the Bastille

The event that starts the French Revolution in 1789.

King Louis XVI

The ruler of the absolute monarchy in France before the revolution.

1st Estate

The clergy social class in France which paid $2\%$ of taxes.

2nd Estate

The nobles social class in France which paid $0\%$ of taxes.

3rd Estate

The social class consisting of the Bourgeoisie (lawyers and merchants), workers, and peasants who paid $98\%$ of taxes.

National Assembly

The group whose main goal was to create the first constitution in France.

Guillotine

A device used for beheading whose purpose was to eliminate enemies of France.

Congress of Vienna

A meeting with the goal to restore monarchies for security and stability.

Latin American Social Classes

The social structure contributing to discontent and revolution including peninsulares, creoles, mestizas, mulattoes, Africans, and Native Americans.

Industrial Revolution

The era characterized by the use of machinery and steam power to replace human and animal energy, starting in England.

Factors of Production

The essential elements of industrialization: 1. Land/natural resources, 2. Land/labor force, and 3. Capital ($).

Communism/Socialism

Economic theories stating that the means of production should be owned by the government or the people.

Urbanization

The process of rapid growth in cities caused by the increased demand for factory workers.

Suffrage

The right to vote.

Romanticism

A movement focused on strong imagination and emotion instead of reason.

Imperialism

The political, military, or economic domination of one country over another.

Berlin Conference

An international meeting regarding the colonization of Africa from which African groups were excluded.

Spheres of Influence

Areas in China where European nations held exclusive trading privileges.

Boxer Revolution

An uprising with the goal of ridding China of all foreigners.

The Balkans

An area known as the "powder keg" of Europe due to extreme nationalism and minority problems.

Western Front

The zone of fighting in WWI characterized by a stalemate and trench warfare.

Armistice

An agreement to stop fighting.

Treaty of Versailles 1919

The peace agreement where Germany had to pay reparations, admit guilt, and which created conditions leading to WWII.

V.E. Day

May 7, 1945, the day Germany finally surrendered.

Totalitarianism state

A form of government that controls all aspects of life.

Gandhi

Leader who used civil disobedience as a strategy to weaken British authority in India.

Weimar republic

The name of the government in Germany after WWI.

Fascism

An extreme form of nationalism that regulated prices, wages, production, and labor while praising war and militarism.

Appeasement

The initial response of Britain and France toward Hitler's aggression.

Battle of Stalingrad

The critical battle where the tide turned against Germany during WWII.

Holocaust

The Nazi policy of genocide targeted at Jews, Gypsies, and the mentally/physically handicapped.