PREVENTION & WELLNESS

What is primary prevention?

Interventions that prevent the onset of disease before it occurs.

What are examples of primary prevention?

Vaccines, smoking cessation, nutrition education, fall‑prevention programs.

What is secondary prevention?

Early detection of disease through screening before symptoms appear.

What are examples of secondary prevention?

Mammograms, colonoscopies, BP screenings, developmental screenings.

What is tertiary prevention?

Treatment after diagnosis to reduce progression or complications.

What are examples of tertiary prevention?

Rehabilitation, chronic disease management, joint protection, disaster relief.

What are the most common chronic diseases?

Heart disease, cancer, and type II diabetes.

What are major risk factors for chronic disease?

Tobacco use, poor nutrition, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol use.

How does OT support chronic disease prevention?

Lifestyle redesign, self‑management training, medication routines, physical activity planning.

What are the eight dimensions of wellness?

Emotional, physical, intellectual, spiritual, occupational, social, environmental, financial.

Why are the dimensions of wellness interdependent?

They “work together as pieces of a puzzle” to support whole‑person health.

What are key wellness priorities for infants (0–12 months)?

Well‑baby visits, growth checks, developmental screenings, injury prevention.

What are wellness priorities for preschool children (1–4 years)?

Vision, speech, socialization, nutrition, home safety.

What are wellness priorities for middle childhood (5–11 years)?

Physical activity, nutrition, injury prevention.

What are wellness priorities for teens?

BP checks, dental health, mental health screening, sexual health, physical activity.

Why is preventive care important for adolescents?

Supports healthy development during major physical and emotional changes.

What are wellness priorities for adults (18–39)?

Family history review, substance use screening, chronic disease prevention.

What are wellness priorities for middle‑aged adults?

Cholesterol checks, diabetes screening, cancer screenings, depression screening.

What are wellness priorities for older adults?

Dementia screening, fall prevention, chronic disease monitoring.

How does OT promote health and wellness?

By supporting routines, habits, and environments that enable healthy participation.

What is the OT focus in wellness?

Prevention, education, lifestyle redesign, and occupational engagement.

What model helps OTs assess readiness for change?

The Stages of Change Model.

What does the Stages of Change Model evaluate?

A person’s readiness to adopt new health behaviors.

Why are community‑level wellness programs important?

They address environmental and social factors influencing health.

What is an example of a community wellness initiative?

Public health campaigns for smoking cessation or asthma awareness.

Why are screenings essential across the lifespan?

They detect issues early and guide preventive interventions.

How does OT use screening results?

To identify risks, guide education, and support healthy routines.