English Active Recall - 10ENG31

Great Depression

-Very volatile and disturbing place to live in

-Many were unemployed

-Economic depression

-Australia was effected

Australian Women 1930s

-Intense societal pressure to prioritise marriage and motherhood

-”Modern Woman”

-It was odd to go against motherhood

Characterisation

Speech

Appearance

Actions

Others

Types of Plot

Linear Plot - Chronological plot

Manipulation of time - Non linear plot

Point of View

1st Person I/ME/YOU

2nd YOU/YOUR

3rd - Omniscient god like, access to all thoughts and feelings , Limited, one character at a time

Setting:

Setting in short stories functions as a foundational element, creating immediate atmosphere, driving plot, and shaping character behavior within a limited space

What does this say about the context, or evocation of a mood.

Technique: Embody the Character

The author can make the reader embody the character, further connecting them to the meaning.

This can include effective description of actions.

Technique: Choice of words/ Naming

“The youth” - Word play, symbolises shared youth.

“Grace” - Opposes her actual personality

Technique: Allusion

An expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference.

What does this mean?

Technique Foreshadowing

Foreshadowing is a literary technique used to hint at future plot developments, building suspense, tension, and thematic consistency.

Technique Descriptive Language

Descriptive language techniques are tools used to create vivid mental images, enhancing writing by engaging the reader’s senses and emotions

Technique Perspective

Explores different power balances and how they effect one another, helps develop a meaning, gives insight into characterisation

Technique Pathetic Fallacy

Pathetic fallacy is a literary device that attributes human emotions, thoughts, or sensations to inanimate objects, nature, or animals, often reflecting a character’s internal state or setting a specific mood

Technique Juxtaposition

Juxtaposition is a literary and artistic technique that places two distinct concepts, characters, objects, or ideas side-by-side to highlight their contrasts, reveal hidden similarities, or create a dramatic, often ironic, effect

Technique Colloquial Language

Colloquial language is a literary technique and communication style using informal, everyday speech, idioms, and slang

Isolation Vs Companionship

Isolation is what males idolise for, but this is not often what they need

“The Lottery” main theme is

The impact of male pride

Australian stories have:

A strong connection to the landscape

Themes: Racism

-Stereotypical

-Analyse the cause and effect

-Characterisation, dark skin etc

-Setting also alludes to it

-Authors try to highlight the impact

Themes: Class Struggle / Class conflict

-Allusions that pain the rich as evil

-there is an emphasis in power

-see other peoples values shine through

Theme: Equality

Authors highlight the impact between then, can be in any sort of way

Theme: War —> Product of a capitalist Society

-They use it as a tool of elite interest

-result of capitalist

-often highlighting the consequence of these wars

Theme: Gender Struggle/ Identity/ Woman empowerment

-Breaking stereotypes

-sense of relief → enjoyment

-Woman are always the victim

-They view conservatism and conventions and nationalism as evil racist and far right

Theme: Coming of Age

-Start to take in responsibility

-Enjoy time when you can

Theme: Reflection of Humanity and Shared Suffering

Shared suffering in poetry acts as a powerful connector, transforming isolated pain into a shared human experience that fosters compassion, empathy, and community.

-Examples

-Aging

-Grief

-Death

What does this say about the human experience?

Dylan Thomas Quote

“Makes you know that you are alone in the unknown world, that your bliss and your suffering is forever shared and forever all your own”

Sonnet Themes

-Romantic Love

-Beauty

-Grief

-Mentality

Context can

deeply effect the presentation or aesthetic value

Elegies

A poem about death.

1. Elegy

2. Elegies

3. Elegaic

Shakespeare has lines that

“Go against time” “So long lives this, and so long gives life to thee”

Enjambment overiding mechanical

Barn owl has a regular rhyme scheme, but is overided by enjambment, could develop a sense of childhood excitement.

Enjambment

Structure can sound like a person/speaking/running off thoughts or panicking, emjabment or can cause reflection, or can cause reflection

Sound Devices and Onomatopeia

Sound devices such as alliteration can be purposefully crafted by the poet to create onomatoapeia often creating a complexed poem. “Rattling, rittling cripled bones”

Strong Symbolism

• Can be used to represent theme

• Gun = power and responsibility

• Sun = Eternity , beauty

• Owl = Wise, coming of age

• Eyes = vision, truth

Sound Devices (5)

Alliteration, Assonance, Sibliance, Cacophony, Euphony

Anaphora

Repeated sentences over and over

Multi sensory imagery / kineaesthesia

Multi-sensory imagery in poetry uses descriptive language to engage all five senses—sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch—along with movement (kinesthetic) and internal sensations (organic)

“Syrup of his sound”

Cacophony /Euphony

Cacophony - uses plosive consonants

Euphony - uses soft consonants

Persona

The character the poet/author creates. They try to make the reader embody them

Level of Literary

"Literary" describes things relating to literature, written works of high artistic value, or someone well-read

Modernist Style

-Functionalism

-Rational Material use

-Total elimination of ornamentation (Funeral Blues)

Iambic Pentameter

Da-dum da-dum

or

da-DUM da-DUM

-Creates a melodic rhythm, mimicking human speech, natural cadence

,emotional weight

Sonnet

-14 lines, 8 lines + 6 lines, Volta in between

-Usually written about someone

-Sudden turn of events and realisation

Dramatic Monologue

a poem in the form of a speech or narrative by an imagined person, in which the speaker inadvertently reveals aspects of their character while describing a particular situation or series of events.

Shakesperean Elizabethan Sonnet

ABAB

CDCD

EFEF

GGHH

Italian / Petrechan Sonnet

ABBA

ABBA

CDE

CDE

Rhyming Couplet, Stanza, Line

A rhyming couplet is a pair of successive lines of verse, usually of the same meter and length, that rhyme and form a complete thought

Stanza - Verse

Line - Poetic Sentence

Fractional Sentences

Fractional poetry utilizes fragmented sentences, enjambment, and partial imagery to create emotional, rhythmic, or thematic emphasis

Violent Words

Attack the Reader - creating an anticipated effect

Elements to consider in poetry

1. Subject/ poem of the story

2. Form

3. Special style

4. Context

5. Theme

6. Mood

Connotation

Meaning collected from a sentence, explain in terms of the values and theme.

Emotional vs Intellectual

Emotional : bonds you with emotions

Intellectual : teaches you something