Lecture 17: Linkage, Recombination, and Gene Mapping

A comprehensive set of flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from the lecture on linkage, recombination, and gene mapping.

Linkage

The tendency of genes located close to each other on a chromosome to be inherited together.

Recombination

The process of genetic exchange between chromosomes that leads to new allele combinations.

Gene Mapping

The process of determining the relative positions of genes on a chromosome.

Hemophilia

A genetic disorder that impairs the body's ability to make blood clots.

Color-blindness

A genetic condition where a person has difficulty distinguishing certain colors.

Parental Types

Gametes that have the same genotype as one of the parents.

Recombinant Types

Gametes that have a different combination of alleles than either parent due to recombination.

Dihybrid Cross

A genetic cross between individuals with two different traits.

Meiosis

The type of cell division that results in four haploid cells, each with half the number of chromosomes.

Crossover Frequency

The frequency at which crossing over occurs between genes during meiosis.

Physical Exchange of DNA

The mechanism through which recombination occurs, involving the physical breaking and rejoining of DNA strands.

Testcross

A cross between an individual with an unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive individual to determine the unknown genotype.

Crossing Over

The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis.

Genetic Map

A representation of the arrangement of genes on a chromosome based on recombination frequencies.

Cohesin

A protein complex that holds sister chromatids together until anaphase during cell division.

Chiasmata

The points where chromatids exchange genetic material during meiosis.

Punnett Square

A diagram used to predict the genotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

Mapping Genes

The process of determining the position of genes on a chromosome by analyzing recombination frequencies.

Three-Point Cross

A genetic cross used to determine the order of three genes on a chromosome.

Double Crossover

A genetic exchange event affecting two segments on a chromosome, revealing distances between genes.

Distinctive Traits

Unique physical features determined by specific gene combinations.