Unit 7: Palestine Mandate (Definitions)

Diaspora

The displacement/dispersion of a people from their homeland.

Antisemitism

Prejudice against or hatred against Jews. 

Zionism

A movement calling for the return of the Jewish people to their ancestral homeland in Palestine.

Hussein-McMahon Agreement 1915-1916

An agreement that outlined the establishment of an independent Arab state should they revolt against the Ottoman Empire.

Balfour Declaration

A 1917 declaration of British support for a Jewish national home in Palestine.

Article 22

The league of nations article in 1919 that established the post-ww1 mandate system

The Palestine Mandate

Created at the San Remo conference in 1920, it put Britain in place as the administering government of Palestine.

The Jewish Agency

A Zionist representative body for Jewish settlers in Palestine, acted as a de facto government. Formally created in 1929.

The Jewish National Fund

A fund created in 1901 to purchase land in Palestine for Jewish immigrants.

Kibbutzim

Collective farming communities of Zionist living in Palestine.

Haganah

The main form of Jewish military throughout the span of the mandate. 

Churchill White Paper 1922

The British Response to Jaffa Riots that aimed to calm Arab fears and limit the promise of the Balfour Declaration.

1921 Jaffa Riots

May 1st, 1921. It started as a clash between two jewish groups (bolsheviks and labour party). This sparked Arabs to attack jews, and led to widespread violence. The Haganah along with the British police force counter-attacked the following day. 47 Jews, 48 Arabs dead.

1929 Wailing Wall Riot

August 23-29. A disagreement that  started due to religious reasons. Violence by Arabs broke out against Jews and it was suppressed by the mandate police. 133 Jews 116 Arabs dead.

Passfield White Paper 1930

The response to the 1929 Wailing Wall riots. It called for harsher limitations on Jewish immigration and land purchases.  Attempted to assuage Arabs fears.

White Paper 1939

The British response to phase 2 of the Arab Revolt, which stated that the independent Palestine nation would be formed in 10 years.

Arab High Committee 1936

A committee established to unify Arab factions during the strike and revolt against British British policies

Peel Commission/Report 1936-

A reaction to the Arab revolt that decided the mandate was unsaveable, and suggested a 2 state solution.

The King David Hotel Bombing (July 1946)

The Bombing of the British administrative Headquarters by the Irgun.

Irgun

A more radicalist breakaway military group from the Haganah .

UNSCOP

A special UN committee tasked with investigating the Palestine mandate and providing a solution for it.

Partition Plan

The UNSCOP resolution to establish a two state solution.

Plan Dalet (early 1948)

The Zionists plan for the preparation of the state of Israel. 

Deir Yassin (1948)

The massacre of an Arab village during the Jewish military operation, Plan Dalet. Done by Irgun and Lehi.

Jewish Immigration

In this context, the movement of Jews into Palestine.

Chaim Weizmann

Zionist Leader, the first president of Israel.

Ben Gurion

Zionist Leader, first Prime Minister of Israel.