Lab 2

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

TSH

Luteinizing Hormone

LH

anti-diuretic hormone

ADH

thyroxine

T4

melanocyte stimulating hormone

MSH

Triiodothyronine

T3

Oxytocin

OXT

Calcitonin

CT

Parathyroid hormone

PTH

Follicle-stimulating hormone

FSH

Growth hormone

GH

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

ACTH

erythropoietin

EPO

prolactin

PRL

atrial natriuretic peptide

ANP

epinephrine

E

brain natriuretic peptide

BNP

norepinephrine

NE

ACTH

A

LH

F

FSH

E

TSH

B

ADH

I

OXT

H

GH

C

inhibin (male)

E

somatomedins

B

inhibin (femal)

G

glucocorticoids (cortisol, cortisone)

C

estrogen

F

testosterone

H

E, NE

A

T3, T4

D

The hormone ADH is produced by the ________ and is released from the ________.

hypothalamus; posterior pituitary

TSH is produced by the ____________, and ACTH is produced by the ____________.

anterior pituitary/anterior pituitary

The hormone ADH affects the target organ, the ___________, while the hormone ACTH affects the target organ, the _________.

kidney; adrenal cortex

The hypothalamus regulates the release of anterior pituitary hormones by releasing certain _________ and __________ hormones.

 Inhibiting; releasing

When autonomic centers in the hypothalamus are stimulated by the sympathetic division of the ANS, it directly signals the ____________ to produce epinephrine and norepinephrine.

 adrenal medulla

Capillary

A

Capsule

B

thyroid follicle cavities

C

thyroid follicle

D

C cells

E and F

cuboidal epithelium

G

thyroglobulin stored in colloid

H (substance inside)

The production of T3 and T4 depends upon which two molecules? 

tyrosine and iodide ions

adrenal capsule

A

adrenal medulla

F

zona glomerulosa

B

zona reticularis

E

adrenal cortex

D

zonal fasciculata

C

Which two hormones produced by the adrenal medulla can also act as neurotransmitters?

E and NE

Mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, and androgens are produced by the ___________.

adrenal cortex

pancreatic duct

A

body of pancreas

B

tail of pancreas

C

pancreatic acini

D

common bile duct

E

accessory pancreatic duct

F

head of pancreas

G

duodeum

H

islet of langerhans

I

Iobule

J

Name two hormones produced by pancreatic islets that play a critical role in blood glucose homeostasis.

 insulin and glucagon

The underproduction of glucocorticoids (GCs) is the cause of _____________ and the overproduction of GCs is the cause of ______________.

Addison disease/Cushing disease

The overproduction of GH is the cause of ___________, and the overproduction of _________ and _________ causes pheochromocytoma.

 acromegaly, E and NE

Which of the following endocrine malfunction is NOT correctly paired to the condition it produces?

 underproduction of insulin- diabetes insipidus

The medical term for high blood sugar levels is _______________.

 hyperglycemia

When blood sugar levels are elevated, what specific sugar molecule is being referring to?

 glucose

Certain medications can cause drug-induced diabetes. It is most commonly associate with a group of drugs called ______________, that function to decrease inflammation in the body.

 glucocorticoids

Diabetes associated with pregnancy is called _______________ diabetes.

 gestational

The type of diabetes associated with inadequate production of insulin due to an autoimmune disorder and usually develops in children and young adults is called

 

Type I diabetes mellitus

ID highlighted area

zona reticularis

ID highlighted area

 follicular epithelium

ID highlighted area

 adrenal cortex

ID highlighted area

 anterior pituitary

ID highlighted area

 chief cells

ID highlighted area

 colloid in a follicle

ID highlighted area

pancreatic islets

ID highlighted area

 

adrenal medulla

ID highlighted area

zona fasciculata

ID highlighted area

 parafollicular cells

ID highlighted area

 parathyroid gland

ID highlighted area

 pituicyte nuclei

ID highlighted area

 posterior pituitary

ID highlighted area

 oxyphil cells

ID highlighted area

 zona glomerulosa

ID highlighted area

 thyroid follicle

The hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system is a network of capillaries between the:

 hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary

What type of hormone do corticotrophs produce? What type of hormone do somatotrophs produce?

 ACTH; GH

Chronic psychological stress has been shown to lead to hypersecretion of CRH. This will ultimately affect the function of:

 the adrenal cortex

Which of these hormones is not produced by the adrenal cortex?

 norepinephrine

Diuretics that block the effects of aldosterone are called aldosterone antagonists. Predict the effect of these drugs:

 decreased blood pressure

Long-term administration of corticosteroids, which are synthetic cortisol derivatives, can result in symptoms consistent with cortisol hypersecretion. Which of these could be a possible symptom?

hyperglycemia

The synthesis of new glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors is called:

 

gluconeogenesis

A pheochromocytoma is a tumor of the adrenal medulla. It will result in the hypersecretion of:

 

epinephrine