Stem cells

What are stem cells?

Undifferentiated cells, divide by mitosis to become new cells which then differentiate

Where are they found?

Animals: early human embryos, bone marrow

Plants: Meristems: areas that are growing, tips of roots and shoots

Why are stem cells important?

For growth and development of organisms

What are the pros and cons of adult stem cells?

• Aren’t as versatile

• Used to replace damaged cells

• New skin or blood cells

How long are plant stem cells useful for?

Divide and differentiate as long as the plant lives

What do plant stem cells form?

Special tissues like xylem and phloem

How can stem cells be used in medicine?

• Sickle cell anaemia - bone marrow transplant

• Can be stimulated to differentiate into specialised cells in certain conditions

• May be possible to replace those who have been damaged by disease or injury

What are the risks of using stem cells in medicine?

• tumour development

• Disease transmission

• Rejection

• Ethical issues