History - Americas Test

this has everything on the Kahoot and more

Beringia

land bridge between Asia and North America the people walked across during the ice age

Chinampas

floating Aztec farms on a marshy lake that were very productive

Olmecs

civilization that carved large stone heads

San Lorenzo and La Venta

ruins of the Olmecs with stone monuments

jaguars

sacred animals that were worshipped

Zapotec

civilization in the Oaxaca valley

Monte Alban

Zapotec city built on a mountain that needed to have water dragged up

rainshadow

desert created by mountains blocking rain

Chavin

civilization that went into the mountains and were good stone-masons and gold-smiths

Chavin de Hauntar

main city of the Chavin people

Nazca

civilization that made spiral hole irrigation, colorful textiles and pottery, and drawing lines

Nazca Lines

lines drawn into the ground that could only be seen from the sky

Moche

civilization that created roads with irrigation, and well preserved burials

Cenotes

water sinkholes that were connected by tunnels

Shiballa

Mayan underworld that could be reached by jumping into a cenote

Resplendant Quetzal

rare bird whose feathers were wore by Mayan kings

Tikal

largest Mayan city with tall pyramids to see invaders

Codex

books that Mayans wrote in

glyphs

writing system used by the Mayans

Popul Vuh

Mayan story of creation

Pok-a-Tok

Mayan ball game where losers would get decapitated

Potlatch

ceremonial feast where families would display wealth in Pacific NW

Hohokan

people in US southwest that made irrigation in desert and wrote in petroglyphs

petroglyphs

rock carvings to make symbols

Anasazi

people that built pueblos

pueblos

houses built into cliffs from stone and clay

Mesa Verde and Pueblo Bonito

ruins of pueblos made by the Anasazi

Kivas

underground chambers used by religous practices

Hopewell

people that built the Great Ohio Serpent Mound

Mississippians

mound-builders that made Cahokia

Cahokia

city with large Monk’s mound and Woodhedge in Illinois

Iroquios confederacy

5 woodland tribes that united to defend each other against enemies

lacrosse

sport created by the Iroquios

Inuit

people that lived in the Arctic that wore seal fur, lived in igloos, and rode sled dogs

igloos

temporary snow houses used by the Inuit

Mayan bloodletting

ritual where Mayan kings cut their tongues as a sacrifice

Mayan calender

calendar with 3 parts including solar, religious, and historical

Valley of Mexico

region in central Mexico that was elevated with large, shallow lakes where the Aztecs lived

Teotihuacan

large Mesoamerican city with large pyramids

Pyramid of the Sun

largest pyramid in Teotihuacan

obisidian

volcanic material used for making sharp weapons

Toltecs

Mesoamerican people that conquered and believed in war-gods

Tula

capital of the Toltecs

King Topiltzin

king that created Quelzalcoatl god of peace

Quelzalcoat

“feathered serpent” that was exiled and said to return

Aztecs

civilization that created empire in Mesoamerica

Huitzilopochtli

Aztec god of the sun

Tenochititlan

capital city of the Aztecs where Mexico City is today that had large system of aqueducts and causeways

Lake Texcoco

large lake that Tenochtitilan was built on

Mexica

people group that the Aztecs were part of

Triple Alliance

coalition formed between the Mexica, Texcoco, and Tlacopan to make the Aztec empire

Tlatelolca

large market and trade center in Tenochtitlan

Templo Mayor

main temple in Tenochtitlan with 2 pyramids in the middle of city

Montezuma II

Aztec emperor that was conquered by the Spanish

Maquahuitl

flattened bat weapon with sharp obsidian that was used to draw blood from enemies

Inca

family that created empire in Andes

Valley of Cuzco

region in Andes where the Incas started

Inti

Incan sun god that rulers were descended from

Orejones

11 noble lineages that could lead and means “big ears”

Pachacuti

most important Incan ruler that expanded the empire by defeating the Chancas and given title Sapa Inca

Sapa Inca

title for Incan rulers that means “only one”

Tihuantinsuya

“land of the 4 quarters” and the name for the Inca empire with 80 provinces

Quechua

single language of the Inca empire

Ayullu

small communities that worked together in the Inca empire

Mita

tribute system of a labor tax that the Incas used for public works

Cuzco

Incan capital where the road system led to

Chazquis

Incan runners that carried messages along the road system

terrace farms

mountainside steps that were used for Incan farms

Chuno

freeze-dried potatoes that were stored

Trephanation

creating a hole in the head with was used in South America

Quipo

knotted ropes that Incans used to record data and numbers

Incan gods

Viracoda and Inti

mamakina

Incan religious workers that were virgin women

yamacuna

Incan religous workers that were men

Temple of the Sun

main temple in Cuzco that had a lot of gold and alloys

Machu Picchu

hidden Incan city that could have been used for religion

Hiram Bingham

American that discovered Machu Picchu

Atahualpa

Incan emperor that was conquered by Spanish after a civil war with his brother