The Early Christian Movement Study Guide

Vocabulary flashcards covering key individuals, events, and terms of the early Christian movement according to the lecture notes.

Crucifixion

The arrest and execution of Jesus, sentenced by Pontius Pilate, which Christians believe was a sacrifice for humanity's sins.

Resurrection

The event where Jesus rose from the dead, found by witnesses at an empty tomb; it proves Jesus is the Son of God and gives hope of eternal life.

Ascension

The return of Jesus to Heaven, where he promised the Holy Spirit and told disciples to spread the Gospel.

Pentecost

Often called the birth of the Church, it is when the Holy Spirit came to the disciples, giving them the bravery to begin preaching.

Mary Magdalene

A follower of Jesus present at the crucifixion and the first witness of the Resurrection.

St Paul (Saul)

A former persecutor of Christians who converted after meeting Jesus on the Road to Damascus and became a missionary across the Roman Empire.

Peter

The leader of the apostles, the first Pope, and a key figure in welcoming Gentiles into Christianity.

James

The leader of the Jerusalem Church who assisted in making important Church decisions.

Romans

A letter written by Paul with the main idea of faith and salvation.

Corinthians

A letter written by Paul with the main idea of love and unity.

Galatians

A letter written by Paul with the main idea of grace and freedom.

Nero

The Roman Emperor who blamed Christians for the Great Fire of Rome, leading to widespread punishment and killings.

Baptism

The ceremony of joining Christianity that symbolises forgiveness of sins, new life in Christ, and becoming part of the community.

Eucharist

Also called the Breaking of Bread, this practice is used to remember Jesus and bring Christians together.

Council of Jerusalem

The meeting where it was decided that Gentiles (non-Jews) could become Christians without first becoming Jewish.

Apostle

A person sent to spread Jesus' message.

Gentile

A term for a non-Jew.

Persecution

Unfair treatment of individuals because of their beliefs.

Martyr

Someone who dies for their faith.

Holy Spirit

God's Spirit that helps and empowers believers.

Epiphany

A sudden realisation.