Spanish (5)

Summary of uses of ser and estar

characteristics

Tomás is tall and thin

Tomás es alto y delgado

Summary of uses of ser and estar

characteristics

We are Mexican

Somos mexicanos

Summary of uses of ser and estar

profession or identity (____________)

english examples:

My sister is an artist.

Leo and Ligia are my parents.

(a noun or noun phrase that restates the subject)

Mi hermana es artista.

Leo y Ligia son mis padres.

Summary of uses of ser and estar

times, dates, seasons

english examples:

It's five o'clock in the afternoon.

It's spring.

It's Tuesday.

Son las cinco de la tarde.

Es primavera.

Es martes.

Summary of uses of ser and estar

the location or time of specific events

english examples

the party is at my house

the concert is at eight o’clock

La fiesta es en mi casa

El concierto es a las ocho

Summary of uses of ser and estar

impersonal expressions

english examples

It’s required to attend class.

It’s fascinating to study Hispanic culture

Es obligatorio asistir a clase

Es fascinante estudiar la cultura hispana

Summary of uses of ser and estar

origin or possession (with the preposition de)

english examples

Gael is from Mexico

The murals are Juan O’ Gorman’s

Geal es de México

Los murales son de Juan O’ Gorman

Summary of uses of ser and estar

a state, mood, or changeable condition (adjective)

english examples

Pedro is married

The girls are happy

Pedro está casado

Las chicas están contentas

Summary of uses of ser and estar

an exceptional or unusual condition, or a compliment (adjective)

english examples

Sarita, you’re eight years old; you are (look) so big!

Carlos, there isn’t an exam today. You’re crazy!

Sarita, tienes ocho años; ¡estás muy grande!

Carlos, no hay examen hoy. ¡Estás loco!

Summary of uses of ser and estar

the location of specific persons, places, or things

english examples

the bookstore is nearby

Guadalajara is far from Cancún

la librería está cerca

Guadalajara está lejos de Cancún

Adjective	With ser (___)	With estar (___)
aburrido/a	______	_____
feliz	______	____
malo/a	_____	_____
rico/a	_____	_____

malo/a	____	____
rico/a	____	____
verde	____	____

Adjective	With ser (traits)	With estar (states)
aburrido/a	to be boring	to be bored
feliz	to be happy, fortunate	to feel happy
malo/a	to be bad, evil	to be ill
rico/a	to be rich	to taste good (food)

malo/a	to be bad, evil	| to be ill
rico/a	to be rich	to taste good (food)
verde	to be green (color)	to be green (not ripe)

Adjective	With ser (traits)	With estar (states)
_____	to be boring	to be bored
____	to be happy, fortunate	to feel happy
____	to be bad, evil	to be ill
____	to be rich	to taste good (food)

_____

to be green (color)

to be green (not ripe)

verde

to be green (color)

to be green (not ripe)

Adjective	With ser (traits)	With estar (states)
aburrido/a	to be boring	to be bored
feliz	to be happy, fortunate	to feel happy
malo/a	to be bad, evil	to be ill
rico/a	to be rich	to taste good (food)

Remember to use hay to say ______, usually with ____, ___, or _____

english examples

there’s a party at my house tonight

there are more than 65 million Hispanics in the U.S.

there is/are

indefinite things

numbers

countable nouns

Esta noche hay una fiesta en mi casa

Hay más de 65 milones de hispanics en EE. UU.

Miembros de la familia	Family members
______	grandfather/grandmother
______	brother-in-law/sister-in-law
______	husband wife

______	stepmother
______	stepbrother/stepsister
______	(older/younger) brother/sister
______	son/daughter

Miembros de la familia	Family members
el/la abuelo/a	grandfather/grandmother
el/la cuñado/a	brother-in-law/sister-in-law
el/la esposo/a	husband wife

la madrastra	stepmother
el la hermanastro/a	stepbrother/stepsister
el/la hermano/a (mayor/menor)	(older/younger) brother/sister
el/la hijo/a	son/daughter

grandfather/grandmother

el abuelo / la abuela

brother-law / sister-in-law

el cuñado / la cuñada

husband / wife

el esposo / la esposa

stepbrother / stepsister

el hermanastro / la hermanastra

(older / younger) brother / sister

el hermano / la hermana (mayor / menor)

son / daughter

el hijo / la hija

stepmother

la madrastra

mother

la madre

grandson / granddaughter

el nieto / la nieta

child

el niño / la niña

boyfriend / girlfriend

groom / bride

el novio / la novia

daughter-in-law

la nuera

stepfather

el padrastro

father

el padre

dog

el perro / la perra

cousin

el primo / la prima

nephew / niece

el sobrino / la sobrina

father-in-law / mother-in-law

el suergro / la suegra

uncle / aunt

el tío / la tía

son-in-law

el yerno

to have lunch (with me / with you)

almorzar (ue) (conmigo / contigo)

to cost

costar (ue)

to sleep

dormir (ue)

to begin

empezar (ie)

to find

encontrar (ue)

to understand

entender (ie)

to earn

ganar

to play

jugar (ue) a

to spend (time)

pasar

to ask for, to request

pedir (i)

to think (about)

pensar (ie)(en)

to plan (to do something)

pensar (ie) (+infinitive)

to lose

perder (ie)

to be able, can

poder (ue)

to prefer

to preferir (ie)

to want, to love

querer (ie)

to remember

recordar (ue)

to repeat, to have a second helping

repetir (i)

to follow

seguir (i)

to serve (the meal; a soft drink)

to serve (i) (la comida; un refresco)

to dream (about)

soñar (ue) (con)

to come

venir (ie)

to return

volver (ue)

Adjetivos	Adjectives
_____	married
_____	single, unmarried
_____	close, close-knit

Adjetivos	Adjectives
casado/a	married
soltero/a	single, unmarried
unido/a	close, close-knit

married

casado / casada

single, unmarried

soltero/ soltera

close, close-knit

unido / unida

Some verbs require a change in the stem vowel of the present forms, except in nosotros/as and vosotros/as. There are three main stem changes:_______ , like querer

e → ie; e → i; o → ue

(to want, to love)

querer (e—>ie)

e → ie
querer (to want, to love)
yo		nosotros/as
tú		vosotros/as
Ud.		Uds.

e → ie
querer (to want, to love)
yo	quiero	nosotros/as	queremos
tú	quieres	vosotros/as	queréis
Ud.	quiere	Uds.	quieren

querer in yo form

quiero

querer in tú form

quieres

querer in Ud. form

quiere

querer in nosotros/nosotras form

queremos

querer in vosotros/vosotras form

queréis

querer in Uds. form

quieren

querer in él /ella form

quiere

querer in ellos / ellas form

quieren

other common e —> ie verbs

empezar

entender

pensar (en)

pensar (+ infinitive)

perder

preferir

empieza

begin

at what time does the show start?

In my family, we prefer to have dinner at home

¿A qué hora empieza la función?

En mi familia, preferimos cenar en casa.