oropharynx

Oropharynx extent

extends from lower surface of soft palate(C1) to upper surface of epiglottis(C3)

Oropharynx communication

Communicates anterior with oral cavity through oropharyngeal isthmus

WHAT closs the oro-pharyngeal isthmus??

palato-glossal muscle

list the contents of the oropharynx

1) palato-glossal arch

2) palato-pharyngeal arch

• palatine tonsil between the two arches

3) vallecula

Palatoglossal arch

formed of palatoglossal muscle covered with mucous membrane

Palatopharyngeal arch

formed of palate-pharyngeus muscle covered with mucous membrane

Palatine tonsil location

Between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches, there is palatine tonsil

Vallecula

it is a depression between median and lateral glosso-epiglottic folds

• glosso-epiglottic folds connect the tongue and epiglottis

Vallecula nerve supply

it is supplied by internal laryngeal nerve

Palatine tonsil definition

two masses of lymphoid tissue in the lateral wall of oropharynx

Palatine tonsil covering

they are covered by mucous membrane

Palatine tonsil medial surface

its medial surface projects into lumen of oropharynx with many openings which lead to tonsillar crypts

what the upper part of medial side contain

the upper part of medial surface has a deep intra-tonsillar cleft (crypta magna)

Palatine tonsil lateral covering

it is covered on lateral side by a capsule

عشان لما نشيل اللوز بس منروح عند الكبسول و بنقشر اللوز منها

Palatine tonsil relation anterior

Palato-glossal arch

Palatine tonsil relation posterior

Palato-pharyngeal arch

Palatine tonsil relation superior

Soft palate

Palatine tonsil relation inferior

Posterior third of tongue

Palatine tonsil relation medial

Cavity of oropharynx

Palatine tonsil relation lateral

(Tonsillar bed)

Palatine tonsil lateral side (tonsillar bed ) is formed by ?

Superior constrictor muscle

Arterial supply of palatine tonsil

1. Tonsillar artery (from facial artery) — enter from lateral wall by piercing the tonsillar bed (superior constrictor muscle)

2. Ascending palatine artery (from facial artery);

3. Lingual artery (from ECA);

4. Ascending pharyngeal artery (from ECA);

5. Greater palatine artery (from maxillary artery)

Venous drainage of palatine tonsil

Paratonsillar vein

• para = beside

mention two vessels present lateral to palatine tonsil

1) tonsillar artery

2) paratonsilar vein

Lymphatic drainage of palatine tonsil

deep cervical lymph nodes

• (mainly jugulo-digastric lymph nodes)

Nerve supply of palatine tonsil

1) lesser palatine nerve

2) glossopharyngeal nerve

• like the soft palate bc. it it beside it

Applied anatomy of palatine tonsil

Glossopharyngeal supply middle ear, so pain of tonsillitis refers to ear problem

IMP note for supply of glossopharyngeal nerve

glossopharyngeal cranial 9th nerve supply

• post 1/3 of tongue

• soft palate

• palatine tonsil of soft palate